Surfactant as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a surfactant as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The surfactant has relatively high surface activity and good foaming and foam stabilization effects. The molecule of the surfactant comprises 4 hydrophobic chain segments and hydrophilic units, wherein the hydrophobic chain segments are alkyl chains containing 8-18 carbon and the hydrophilic units are quaternary ammonium salt radicals; and the hydrophobic chain segments and the hydrophilic units are in covalent linkage at the part adjacent to quaternary ammonium salt through a bridge connection unit with an aromatic ring structure. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, enabling aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride and dibromoethane to react, so as to generate an intermediate with four branch chains; and then enabling the intermediate and alkyl dimethyl tertiary amine to react so that the intermediate is modified with the quaternary ammonium salt radicals with positive charges and hydrophilic carbon chains, wherein the aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride is pyromellitic dianhydride, 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride or 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, and the alkyl dimethyl tertiary amine is R-N(CH3)2, wherein R is CH3(CH2)n and n is an integer of 7-17.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a surfactant, its preparation method and application, and belongs to the field of concrete admixtures. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the development of high-performance concrete, people pay more and more attention to the durability of concrete. Adding an air-entraining agent in the concrete mixing process can introduce a proper amount of tiny, uniform and airtight air bubbles into the freshly mixed and hardened concrete, thereby improving the durability and anti-thawing performance of the concrete. Therefore, the research and development and production of concrete air-entraining agents are gradually becoming a hot spot in the field of admixtures. [0003] Currently commonly used air-entraining agents include rosin-type air-entraining agents, saponin-type air-entraining agents, alkylsulfonate-type air-entraining agents, etc. From their chemical structures, they are single-chain surfactants, that is, amphi...

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Problems solved by technology

However, this physical method also has obvious disadvantages: the compounding of several different compounds may destroy the stability of the components and cause prec

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