A device and method for on-line rapid analysis of crude oil components

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for quickly analyzing components of crude oil on line. The device comprises a sample heating module, a volatile component collecting module, a gas path switching module and a gas chromatography analyzing module, wherein the sample heating module is used for heating a crude oil sample to generate volatile components; the volatile component collecting module is used for capturing and releasing the volatile components; the gas chromatography analyzing module is used for performing gas chromatography analysis on the volatile components; and the gas path switching module is used for communicating with a carrier gas source, the sample heating module, the volatile component collecting module, the gas chromatography analyzing module and a gas exhaust hole. The invention further discloses a method for analyzing the components of the crude oil by the device. The device and the method disclosed by the invention can be used for performing quick pretreatment on the crude oil sample, adopts a liquid nitrogen cold trap to capture the volatile components, and realizes full analysis, once treatment and analysis for low-carbon-number components and high-carbon-number components of the crude oil sample, so that geochemical information can be obtained as much as possible, and therefore, the problem that light components easily lose in the conventional method is effectively solved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum sample analysis, in particular to a device and method for on-line rapid analysis of crude oil components. Background technique [0002] Crude oil is an extremely complex mixture. As far as its chemical elements are concerned, it is mainly a variety of hydrocarbons composed of carbon and hydrogen elements, collectively referred to as "hydrocarbons", and also contains sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, vanadium and other elements . By analyzing its chemical composition, a wealth of geochemical information can be obtained. If the geochemical information in crude oil samples can be quickly and accurately obtained and integrated, it will be possible to characterize the entire process of crude oil from generation, migration and storage in more detail. It can analyze oil and gas properties (type and maturity), identify sedimentary environment and stratigraphic division, etc. Therefore, an efficien...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The analysis of organic matter in crude oil samples needs to go through a complicated process. At present, column chromatography is mainly used to separate the group components to separate asphaltenes, saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and colloids, and then use chromatography to analyze the components of each component. This method is cumbersome, time-consuming, requires high experimental operation skills, and requires more organic solvents. The light hydrocarbon components are easily lost during the process, and online analysis cannot be realized.

Bastow et al. proposed the method of using a micro reagent dropper separation method to separate the group components of crude oil, and also pointed out that the light component data obtained by this method are not credible; Liang Qianyong et al. cannot avoid the loss of adamantane compounds using the improved column chromatography (Loss up to 37%)

[0004] Obviously, the pretreatment of crude oil samples is complex and changeable, and it is necessary to take into account light hydrocarbons (less than 15 carbon numbers) and compounds with relatively higher carbon numbers, and the effect of the pretreatment process will seriously affect the results of analytical tests

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