A rapid heating device for pem fuel cell starting at low temperature

Abstract

With a proton exchange membrane fuel cell electric pile starting at -20 DEG C as an example, the invention discloses a PEM fuel cell fast temperature-rising device starting at low temperature; the device is mainly composed of two systems: a control system and a heating system. When an electric pile system controller judges that the electric pile temperature is below 20 DEG C, a temperature controller obtains instructions, a heating device is started, a low-temperature coolant enters a heating chamber through a pipeline under the pressure action applied by a pressurization pump, the heating chamber is heated and has the temperature rapidly rise by a nickel-chromium alloy heating wire group, a high-temperature coolant after the temperature rises enters the fuel cell electric pile for recycling via a high temperature coolant outlet channel, the temperature is rapidly transferred to a bipolar plate, a single cell is driven to have the temperature rise, and the temperature of the whole fuelcell electric pile is rapidly increased along with running of a coolant circulatory system. The starting temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell electric pile can be rapidly improved, and the irreversible damage caused by the low temperature starting of the cell can be effectively avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and in particular relates to a rapid heating device for low-temperature start-up of PEM fuel cells. Background technique [0002] With the continuous consumption of traditional energy such as fossil fuels with limited storage and the gradual warming of the global climate, energy conservation and environmental protection have become the core of the sustainable development strategy of human society, and are the key factors affecting the current energy decision-making and technology orientation of countries around the world. . As a new energy source with great potential, the energy conversion efficiency of fuel cells can be as high as 40%-60%. Among them, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) have the advantages of high energy density, low operating temperature, and zero emissions. hotspots, and has been applied to stationary power generation, mobile power supply and vehicle power supply. [0003] ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The difficulty in realizing this technical indicator lies in the fact that the fuel cell may experience a voltage drop during the sub-zero start-up process, resulting in a sub-zero start-up failure; and with the increase of the starting current, the magnitude of the battery voltage drop also increases.

However, when the operating temperature of the fuel cell is below zero, water can easily form ice, thereby blocking or covering the pores of the catalytic layer and diffusion layer used for gas transmission, and even destroying the internal structure of the battery, greatly reducing the working life of the fuel cell.

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