Method and device system for recovering nitric acid through pyrolyzing nitrate

A nitrate and preheating device technology, which is applied in the direction of nitric acid, nitrogen oxides/oxo acids, sustainable manufacturing/processing, etc., can solve the problems of high energy consumption and poor efficiency of the device, and achieve avoiding direct contact and recycling The effect of high utilization rate and cost reduction

Active Publication Date: 2019-05-07
MEISHAN SHUNYING POWER BATTERY MATERIALS CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the limitations of corrosiveness and volatility in the recovery of nitric acid in the prior art, and the defects of h

Method used

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  • Method and device system for recovering nitric acid through pyrolyzing nitrate

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0045] Recovery of Nitric Acid by Pyrolysis of Nitrate

[0046] The crystalline nitrate is heated using a two-stage preheating device. The crystalline nitrate is first heated to about 170°C in the first stage preheating device and converted into liquefied nitrate. Then it is transported to the second-stage preheating device and heated to about 330°C, which is 500°C lower than the decomposition temperature, to obtain a nitrate hot fluid with a temperature of about 330°C. The nitrate hot fluid is delivered to the decomposer, heated by high-temperature gas (temperature 550-800°C), and the internal temperature of the decomposer is maintained at 500-800°C, so that the nitrate is decomposed to produce mixed gas and solid powder. Separating the mixed gas and solid powder, part of the mixed gas is sent to the nitric acid recovery tank to be absorbed by water and converted into nitric acid, and the other part of the mixed gas is heated to 500-800°C, and then returned to the decompose...

Embodiment 2

[0048] Recovery of Nitric Acid by Pyrolysis of Nitrate

[0049] According to the thermal decomposition characteristics of nitrate: firstly, heat the nitrate once, raise the temperature to 150~200°C and keep the temperature, so that the nitrate can be transformed into a liquid state. Then, the liquid nitrate is pumped into the secondary heating tank through the transfer pump, and heated again to make the temperature of the nitrate reach 250-350°C to obtain the nitrate hot fluid.

[0050] Pump the nitrate hot fluid (liquid) into the nitrate decomposer, and at the inlet of the pump into the decomposer, there is a liquid mist distributor, so that the pumped nitrate liquid is distributed in mist form. Control the internal temperature of the decomposer to maintain between 500 and 800 °C, and the pumped nitrate liquid is decomposed into nitrogen dioxide, oxygen and oxides. The oxide powder is deposited at the bottom of the decomposer, and there is a sealing valve at the bottom of ...

Embodiment 3

[0063] A device system for recovering nitric acid by pyrolysis of nitrate, including a heating tank, a decomposer, a dust collector, a heater, a heat exchanger, and a nitric acid recovery tank. The heating tank is used for heating and melting nitrate to obtain nitrate hot fluid. The decomposer is used to receive the nitrate hot fluid melted in the heating tank and the mixed gas heated by the heater; the nitrate is thermally decomposed inside the decomposer to produce oxides and mixed gas. The dust collector is used to receive the decomposed mixed gas discharged from the decomposer, and to separate the dust entrained in the mixed gas. The heater is used to receive the dust-separated mixed gas discharged from the dust collector, heat the mixed gas and send it to the feed port of the decomposer as a heat source. The heat exchanger is used to receive the dust-separated mixed gas discharged from the dust collector, cool it and transport it to the nitric acid recovery tank.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recovering nitric acid by pyrolyzing nitrate. The method comprises the following steps: (1) conveying the nitrate into at least two preheaters, heating the nitrateto firstly liquefy the nitrate, and then heating the nitrate to a temperature less than decomposition temperature in order to obtain a nitrate hot fluid; (2) conveying the nitrate hot fluid into a decomposer, and heating the nitrate hot fluid with a high temperature gas to maintain the internal temperature of the decomposer at 500-800 DEG C in order to decompose the nitrate into a mixed gas and asolid powder; and (3) separating mixed gas and the solid powder, conveying a part of the mixed gas into a nitric acid recovery tank, heating the remaining mixed gas to 500-800 DEG C, and then returning the heated remaining mixed gas into the decomposer to heat the nitrate hot fluid in order to thermally decompose the nitrate hot fluid. The method for recovering nitric acid has the advantages of less corrosion damages to devices, no introduction of other impurity components and no interference in the heating process, good decomposition speed and decomposition rate of the nitrate, and high recycling rate of the nitric acid.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for recovering nitric acid from nitrates and corresponding chemical reaction equipment, in particular to a method and a device system for recovering nitric acid by pyrolysis of nitrates, belonging to the technical field of inorganic chemicals. Background technique [0002] Nitric acid is a strong oxidizing and corrosive acid. It belongs to the monobasic inorganic strong acid and is one of the six major inorganic strong acids. It is also an important chemical raw material. It can be used to make chemical fertilizers, pesticides, explosives, dyes, and salt in industry class etc. [0003] Due to the presence of protons in nitric acid, the nitrate has a certain oxidizing ability, and this oxidizing ability will increase with the increase of proton concentration. Therefore, in the hydrometallurgy industry, some special raw materials will use nitric acid as a solvent, combined with the acidity and oxidation of the nitric ac...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C01B21/40C01B21/42C01B21/36C01B13/18
CPCY02P20/10
Inventor 赵林但勇赵澎金长浩刘伟
Owner MEISHAN SHUNYING POWER BATTERY MATERIALS CO LTD
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