Cultivation method and application of apomixis white-villus rice seeds

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method and application of apomixis white villus rice seeds. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: taking indica rice seeds as female parents or male parents and japonica rice seeds as male parents or female parents, carrying out distant hybridization, carrying out mutagenesis and castration on seedlings growing vigorously in the cultivation process of obtained hybrid rice seeds so as to cultivate apomixis rice seeds, and carrying out distant hybridization with polyploid small-grain wild rice by taking the apomixis rice seeds as a female parent so as to cultivate the apomixis white-villus rice seeds of which apomixis genes and white villus genes are fused into a whole and hybridization advantages are fixed. The rice seeds have the advantages of complete genome type structure, strong wide affinity, high genetic expression, excellent functions, wide and efficient gene transfer, excellent progeny fertility, high-frequency early generation homozygosis stability and the like. The rice seeds can be subjected to distant hybridization with various species so as to cultivate a series of super-excellent new rice varieties, and the selectednew rice varieties show the effects of high quality, high yield, good resistance, adversity stress resistance, eurytopic cultivation and the like in field planting, and have very high use value and wide application range.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of apomixis breeding, and relates to a cultivation method and application of apomictic white hairy rice seeds. Background technique [0002] Since the founding of New China, the state has attached great importance to the scientific research and innovation of rice breeding. In the 1950s and 1960s, the discovery and application of the rice semi-dwarf gene realized the first green revolution in which the yield per unit area of ​​rice increased by more than 20% in a large area; in the 1970s, the discovery and application of the male sterile gene of wild rice created a three-line hybrid rice Breeding: In the 1980s, the excavation and application of the photothermosensitive genic male sterile gene created a two-line hybrid rice between indica and japonica subspecies, and the yield per unit area of ​​rice in a large area increased by more than 20%-30%, realizing the second green revolution in rice breeding . However, the h...

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Problems solved by technology

So far, as pointed out by some scholars devoted to innovative crop breeding technology, although the application of apomixis has been discussed for several years, the research on its reproductive process and the transfer of apomictic characteristics (or genes) to sexual plants is very limited, and even less is known about genetic laws (Sikkim Acta Crops 2001)

In the past 100 years, the global breeding research and development community has bred three kinds of apomictic pastures (i.e. Baffia, Sorghum and Poa annua). Different degrees of low-efficiency facultative apomixis varieties have been obtained in rice. However, the expression of apomixis characteristics (or genes) of these low-efficiency facultative apomictic varieties is unstable, and it is difficult to achieve apomixis breeding

Up to now, the genotype has complete structure, strong broad affinity, high genetic expression, excellent function, extensive and efficient transfer of distant hybrid genes with genera or cross-order genera, excellent fertility of offspring, high frequency of early The homozygous and stable apomictic white tomentosa rice species has not been reported yet

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