Easily-degradable reusable efficient non-woven oil absorption material and preparation method thereof

A technology of non-woven materials and oil-absorbing materials, applied in non-woven fabrics, textiles and papermaking, etc., can solve the problems of difficult degradation of oil-absorbing materials, single structure, low oil absorption, etc., and achieve easy degradation, good buoyancy, and large oil absorption. Effect

Active Publication Date: 2021-02-02
XI'AN POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an easily degradable and reusable high-efficiency non-woven oil-absorbing material, which solves the problems of existing oil-absorbing materials such as refractory degradation, low oil absorption, and single structure And other issues

Method used

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  • Easily-degradable reusable efficient non-woven oil absorption material and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0035] Weigh 100g of fibers according to the kapok / polylactic acid fiber mixing ratio of 30 / 70, and make a kapok / polylactic acid fiber needle-punched nonwoven material through mixing, opening, carding, web laying, and needle punching, with a grammage of 150g / m 2 , the needling density is 200 pricks / cm 2 , the thickness is 3.8mm.

[0036] Weigh 0.83g of polylactic acid and dissolve it in 9mL of dichloromethane and absolute ethanol blend solvent, the volume ratio of dichloromethane / absolute ethanol is 8:1, and prepare 7wt% polylactic acid spinning solution, at room temperature Magnetic stirring for 24 hours, spinning at a spinning voltage of 28kV, a receiving distance of 16cm, and an ambient humidity of 60% RH to obtain a polylactic acid electrospun nano-microporous fiber membrane with a pore diameter greater than 50nm and a pore coverage of 23.1%, the gram weight is 9.8~30g / m 2 , the thickness is 0.08 ~ 0.23mm.

[0037] Use an air spray gun to spray 2% aqueous polyurethane s...

Embodiment 2

[0039] Weigh 100g of fibers according to the kapok / polylactic acid fiber mixing ratio of 60 / 40, and make a kapok / polylactic acid fiber needle-punched nonwoven material through mixing, opening, carding, web laying and needle punching, with a grammage of 100g / m 2 , the needling density is 240 pricks / cm 2 , the thickness is 3.5mm.

[0040] Weigh 0.85g of polylactic acid and dissolve it in 9mL of dichloromethane and absolute ethanol blend solvent, the volume ratio of dichloromethane / absolute ethanol is 8:1, prepare 8wt% polylactic acid spinning solution, at room temperature Magnetic stirring for 24 hours, spinning at a spinning voltage of 30kV, a receiving distance of 15cm, and an ambient humidity of 70%RH, to obtain a polylactic acid electrospun nanoporous fiber membrane with a pore diameter greater than 50nm and a pore coverage of 24.9%, the gram weight is 10~30g / m 2 , the thickness is 0.09 ~ 0.25mm.

[0041] Use an air spray gun to spray 1.0% polyvinyl alcohol solution on th...

Embodiment 3

[0043] Weigh 100g of fibers according to the kapok / polylactic acid fiber mixing ratio of 40 / 60, and make a kapok / polylactic acid fiber needle-punched nonwoven material through mixing, opening, carding, web laying, and needle punching, with a grammage of 100g / m 2, the needling density is 300 pricks / cm 2 , the thickness is 3.1mm.

[0044] Weigh 0.87g of polylactic acid and dissolve it in 9mL of dichloromethane and absolute ethanol blend solvent, the volume ratio of dichloromethane / absolute ethanol is 8:1, and prepare 10wt% polylactic acid spinning solution, at room temperature Magnetic stirring for 24 hours, spinning at a spinning voltage of 29kV, a receiving distance of 17cm, and an ambient humidity of 65%RH to obtain a polylactic acid electrospun nano-microporous fiber membrane with a pore diameter greater than 50nm and a pore coverage of 22.5%, the gram weight is 10.5~30g / m 2 , the thickness is 0.11 ~ 0.26mm.

[0045] Use an air spray gun to spray 3% phosphate ester modifi...

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Abstract

The invention discloses an easily-degradable reusable efficient non-woven oil absorption material and a preparation method thereof. The material is composed of a hydrophobic three-dimensional porous non-woven material and an electrostatic spinning nano microporous fiber membrane. The preparation method of the non-woven oil absorption material comprises the following steps of firstly, preparing a three-dimensional porous non-woven material by adopting a non-woven method, then preparing a nano-microporous fiber membrane by utilizing an electrostatic spinning method, and then compounding the nano-microporous fiber membrane on the three-dimensional porous non-woven material by applying a chemical bonding method. The non-woven oil absorption material with the micro-nano gradient hole structureis prepared. Compared with an existing oil absorption material, the non-woven oil absorption material is easy to degrade, large in oil absorption amount, high in oil retention rate and good in oil-water separation effect, can be repeatedly used, and has wide application prospects in the aspect of oil spill treatment of land, oceans, rivers and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of adsorption materials, relates to an easily degradable and reusable high-efficiency non-woven oil-absorbing material, and also relates to a preparation method of the non-woven oil-absorbing material. Background technique [0002] With the rapid economic growth, offshore crude oil exploitation and transportation increase, frequent oil spill accidents cause water body oil pollution, which has posed a certain threat to the lives of human beings and marine organisms, and the treatment of oil spills has aroused people's high attention. The adsorption treatment of oil-absorbing materials is currently the most effective method. Non-woven oil-absorbing materials are widely used in oil pollution treatment because of their fast oil absorption rate, reusability, and ability to absorb 10-20 times their own oil. [0003] Polypropylene melt-blown nonwovens have strong hydrophobicity and lipophilicity, and excellent oil ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): D04H1/4382D04H1/46D04H1/728D04H1/435D04H1/593D04H1/587D04H1/655
CPCD04H1/4382D04H1/46D04H1/728D04H1/435D04H1/593D04H1/587D04H1/655Y02A20/204
Inventor 本德萍王彩英黄林涛李双吴昭君
Owner XI'AN POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
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