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Method and system for geophysical modeling of subsurface volumes based on computed vectors
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a geophysical modeling and computed vector technology, applied in the field of prospecting, can solve the problems of affecting the total quality of dip estimates, methods described in the paper do not appear to apply to global volume flattening, and methods that do not appear to enhance dip estimates
Active Publication Date: 2018-09-11
EXXONMOBIL UPSTREAM RES CO
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However, the methods described in the paper do not appear to apply to global volume flattening.
However, this method does not appear to enhance the dip vector.
Despite the reduction in errors, areas of poor data quality (e.g., the measurement data is poor quality) may skew predictions and therefore affect the total quality of the dip estimates.
This described method is not easily adapted to ignore such areas of poor data quality.
However, these techniques are not utilized to enhance dip estimates.
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first embodiment
[0046]As a first embodiment, a method of computing a tangent to the closest ridge curve within a fixed neighborhood around each spatial location P is provided for two dimensions (2-D). Given a spatial location P, which is represented as (Px, Py), the method involves extracting a neighborhood (denoted N) around it by equation (e1) and recording the amplitude (or attribute) values there denoted by W(Q).
[0047]The neighborhood N may be calculated by equation (e1):
N={Q:|Qx−Px|y−Py| (e1),
where subscripts x and y refer to the spatial location along the x-axis and y-axis respectively, and the neighboring location or point Q has spatial coordinates Qx and Qy, and n is the radius of the neighborhood N. The neighborhood may include a neighborhood size and shape.
[0048]In this calculation, the data values, which may be as many as (2n+1)2, may be expressed as weights to approximate the y-values, which represent time or depth in a seismic line (e.g., composed of one or more seismic traces), as a ...
second embodiment
[0056]Alternatively, in a second embodiment, a method may involve using the iso-curves and iso-surfaces in an iso-surface method. In this method, local measurements are m obtained in a tensor field that includes iso-surface tensor Tp at each location P in the data volume set. Each iso-surface tensors Tp is computed in a similar process. First, a similarity vector is computed using equation (e7):
[0057]v->PQ=σ(P,Q)(Q-P)Q-P;(e7)
where the similarity vector is {right arrow over (v)}PQ. The similarity vector {right arrow over (v)}PQ may be computed for each of its neighbor points Q in a predefined neighborhood (e.g., the neighbor point Q within a fixed distance of spatial location P). The magnitude of the vector is the similarity σ(P,Q) of the data values at the spatial location P and at neighbor point Q, which may be expressed in equation (e8):
σ(P,Q)=exp(−|data(P)−data(Q)|) (e8)
and the direction is the unit vector that joins spatial location P to point Q (here data(P) and data(Q) are ...
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Abstract
Method and system are described for modeling one or more geophysical properties of a subsurface volume. The method includes computing vector volumes to enhance subsurface modeling and update these vector volumes. The vectors are estimated (106) from the data, for example dip or azimuth, and then the vector volume may be updated by an optimization process (808). Flattening the original data (802) may assist the vector estimation, and associating data traces and samples of traces with labels (108) may assist the flattening. The vector volume may then be used to extract horizons (110) and generate a stratigraphic model (112) to enhance the process of producing hydrocarbons (114).
Description
[0001]This application is the National Stage entry under 35 U.S.C. 371 of PCT / US2013 / 070553 that published as WO 2014 / 099204 and was filed on 18 Nov. 2013, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61 / 740,353, filed 20 Dec. 2012, each of which is incorporated herein by reference, in its entirety, for all purposes.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]This invention relates generally to the field of prospecting and more particularly to data processing. Specifically, the invention is a method for modeling subsurface volumes for one or more geophysical properties based on the computed vectors techniques.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]In the oil and gas industry, modeling of the subsurface is typically utilized for visualization and to assist with analyzing the subsurface volume for potential locations for hydrocarbon resources. Accordingly, various methods exist for estimating the geophysical properties of the subsurface volume (e.g., information in the model domain) by anal...
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