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Aqueous redox flow batteries

a technology of aqueous redox flow and aqueous redox, which is applied in the direction of regenerative fuel cells, collectors/separators, fuel cells, etc., can solve the problems of inability to directly connect to the grid, limited functional or cost-performance of aqueous flow battery designs, and often suffer from stability issues in organic materials, etc., to achieve the effect of improving cycling stability and enhancing water solubility

Active Publication Date: 2020-02-04
UCHICAGO ARGONNE LLC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0046]The redox materials described herein typically provide enhanced water solubility for organic redox materials by including an amino group, and provide improved cycling stability relative to similar non-aminated materials utilizing solubilizing groups such as hydroxyl and sulfonic acid groups.

Problems solved by technology

While alternative energy technologies exist, they cannot be directly connected to the grid because of their variable output.
Organic redox materials also have been utilized, however, organic materials often suffer from stability issues (e.g., due to side reactions), low solubility, and the like.
All current aqueous flow battery designs have functional or cost-performance limitations that hamper large scale adoption of this technology.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Methods and Materials

[0090]Cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements: CV experiments were performed in custom-made three-electrode electrochemical cells with 3 mm diameter glassy carbon working electrode, a Ag / AgCl reference electrode and a platinum wire counter electrode using 1470E SOLARTRON ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENT.

[0091]Diffusion coefficient measurement: Diffusion coefficients were measured using Randle-Sevcik equation as shown below. In this equation, ip is the peak current, n represents the number of electrons transferred in the redox reaction, F is the Faraday's constant, A is the electrode area, c represents the concentration, v is the scan rate, D is the diffusion coefficient, R is the gas constant and T is the absolute temperature.

[0092]Randle⁢-⁢Sevcik⁢⁢equation⁢:⁢⁢ip=0.4463⁢nFAc⁢nFvDRT

[0093]Galvanostatic bulk electrolysis: Galvanostatic cycling test was performed with a three-electrode bulk electrolysis electrochemical cell using 1470E SOLARTRON ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENT. Reticulated...

example 2

Electrochemical Evaluation of Amino-Substituted Hydroquinones and Catechols

[0100]Amino-substituted hydroquinones and catechols (dopamine, L-adrenaline, and L-dopa) were electrochemically evaluated by cyclic voltammetry using the method described above in Example 1, in comparison to state of the art redox material TIRON. In addition, the diffusion coefficient of dopamine also was evaluated using the method described in Example 1.

[0101]

[0102]FIG. 3 shows 1st, 5th and 10th cycle cyclic voltammogram profiles for 1 mM TIRON (1,2-dihydrobenzoquinone-3,5-disulfonic acid) in 0.5 M sulfuric acid aqueous solution using glassy carbon as working electrode. The scan rate was 20 mV / s, from 0 V to 1 V versus Ag / AgCl reference electrode. The region denoted by the dashed arrow is indicative of side reactions occurring during cycling (i.e., cycling instability), which is a known problem with TIRON under some conditions.

[0103]FIG. 4 shows 1st, 5th and 10th cycle cyclic voltammogram profiles for dopami...

example 3

Electrochemical Evaluation of Amino-Substituted Oxyl-Radical Compounds

[0109]Amino-substituted N-oxyl radicals were electrochemically evaluated by cyclic voltammetry using the method described above in Example 1, in comparison to 4-hydroxy-TEMPO.

[0110]

[0111]FIG. 9 shows cyclic voltammogram profiles for various cycles for 5 mM 4-OH-TEMPO in 1.0 M sulfuric acid aqueous solution using glassy carbon as working electrode. The scan rate was 5 mV / s, from 0.52 V to 0.1.02 V versus Ag / AgCl reference electrode.

[0112]FIG. 10 cyclic voltammogram profiles for various cycles for 5 mM 4-NH2-TEMPO in 1.0 M sulfuric acid aqueous solution using glassy carbon as working electrode. The scan rate was 5 mV / s, from 0.0.52 V to 0.1.02 V versus Ag / AgCl reference electrode.

[0113]FIG. 11 shows a cyclic voltammogram for 5 mM 4-OH-TEMPO in 1.0 M sulfuric acid aqueous solution using glassy carbon as working electrode. The scan rate was 5 mV / s, from 0.0 V to 1.2 V versus Ag / AgCl reference electrode. The arrow in t...

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Abstract

The present invention provides an aqueous redox flow battery comprising a negative electrode immersed in an aqueous liquid negative electrolyte, a positive electrode immersed in an aqueous liquid positive electrolyte, and a cation-permeable separator between the negative electrolyte from the positive electrolyte. During charging and discharging, the electrolytes are circulated over their respective electrodes. The electrolytes each comprise a redox reactant. Redox reactant of the positive electrolyte comprises a compound of Formula (I) as described in the specification.

Description

CONTRACTUAL ORIGIN OF THE INVENTION[0001]The United States Government has rights in this invention pursuant to Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 between the United States Government and UChicago Argonne, LLC representing Argonne National Laboratory.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]This invention relates to redox flow batteries. More particularly, this invention relates to aqueous redox flow batteries.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Low-cost, scalable energy storage systems are needed to improve the energy efficiency of the electrical grid (e.g., load-leveling, frequency regulation) and to facilitate the large-scale penetration of renewable energy resources (e.g., wind, solar). While alternative energy technologies exist, they cannot be directly connected to the grid because of their variable output. Electrochemical energy storage may provide the best combination of efficiency, cost, and flexibility to enable these applications. Of particular interest are redox flow batteries, which are rec...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(United States)
IPC IPC(8): H01M8/18H01M8/04746H01M8/023
CPCH01M8/04753H01M8/188H01M8/023H01M8/04186Y02E60/50
Inventor ZHANG, ZHENGCHENGSU, CHI CHEUNGCHENG, LEI
Owner UCHICAGO ARGONNE LLC