This invention relates to an in-situ detection device and method for the wear state of a
grinding wheel. The device includes a
grinding wheel, an optical camera, and a camera bracket. The optical camera is fixed on the camera bracket, which is mounted on a
machine tool and can move laterally, longitudinally, and vertically, as well as adjust the shooting angle. The
lateral movement direction is perpendicular to the end face of the
grinding wheel. The in-situ detection method for the wear state of a
grinding wheel of this invention involves: firstly, using the optical camera to capture the three-dimensional
microstructure of the
grinding wheel; then, after
image processing, obtaining a digitized three-dimensional
microstructure of the
grinding wheel; next, based on the interference depth between the
abrasive grains of the grinding wheel and the workpiece under actual
processing conditions, extracting a two-dimensional image of the grinding wheel surface at a specific depth; calculating the fractal dimension of the two-dimensional
image based on fractal theory; and finally, determining the wear state of the grinding wheel by using the calculated fractal dimension of the grinding wheel surface.