The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese pharmacology and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine for lactation promotion of a puerpera. The medicine comprises cowherb seeds, leonurus, astragalus mongholicus, codonopsis pilosula, sesame oil, ligusticum wallichii, radix bupleuri, radix angelicae pubescentis, ricepaperplant pith, liquorice, a beautiful sweetgum fruit, a prepared rehmannia root, Chinese angelica, poria cocos, a snakegourd fruit, a uniflower swisscentaury root, radix ophiopogonis, dandelion, platycodon grandiflorum, pangolin, a creeping fig root, radices hemerocallis, radix paeoniae alba, fructus lycii, semen persicae, humifuse euphorbia herb, a dipsacus root, a hibiscus root, pericarpium citri reticulatae viride, air plant leaves, prepared rhizoma zingiberis and bighead atractylodes rhizome. The medicine promotes involution and contraction of a uterus of the puerpera undergoing spontaneous delivery and cesarean section, achieves enough lactation amount, expels lochia, can treat symptoms such as postpartum weakness, spiritlessness, hypodynamia, poor appetite, and even hidrosis, is high in operability and tonifies a spleen, a kidney, qi and blood. The traditional Chinese medicines for enriching the blood and tonifying the qi, such as the astragalus mongholicus, the bighead atractylodes rhizome and the Chinese angelica, exist in a formula of the medicine, so that the medicine has a good lactation promotion effect, promotes lactation quickly, and has a good lactation promotion curative effect on the puerpera with no, little and thin breast milk and no toxic or side effects.