Fuel cell based on in-plate counter-flow flow field

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fuel cell based on the in-plate counter-flow flow field and belongs to the technical field of fuel cell. The air flow field plate of the cell unit is provided with two pairs of air ports, two groups of air flow channels with are distributed separately with each other and two groups of air through-holes which pass through the air flow field plate thereby forming the inner counter-flow flow field of the air plate. The air flow field plate is also provided with two pairs of fuel ports, two groups of fuel flow passages which are arranged separately and two groupsof fuel through-holes which pass through the fuel flow field plate thereby forming the inner couter-flow flow field of the fuel plate. The air flow field plate is also provided with two pairs of fuelports which are provided with two pairs of air ports thereby realizing the integration of two flow field plates. In the fuel cell of the invention, the gradual reduction of the concentration of eachcomponent of the fluid in one flow passage is averaged by the gradual increase of the concentration of each component of the fluid in the adjacent flow passage thereby realizing that the concentrationof each component in the fluid is kept same basically in any macroscopic micro cells in the whole active region.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fuel cell based on a countercurrent flow field in a plate, belonging to the technical field of fuel cells. Background technique [0002] Among the flow channel configuration schemes in the known fuel cell bipolar plate stack design, typical configurations include serpentine configuration, parallel configuration, intersecting comb configuration, dot configuration and porous body configuration. In the serpentine configuration scheme, as reported in U.S. Patent No. 4,631,239 (1986), the fluid arrives at the outlet from the inlet through a plurality of tortuous flow passages side by side; in the parallel configuration scheme, as reported in US Patent No. 4,631,239 (1986) , the fluid reaches the outlet from the inlet through multiple straight flow channels side by side; A plurality of flow passages, through the porous diffusion layer and the reactant layer under the ridge, then through a plurality of flow passages side by side, f...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

All current fluid configuration schemes (including the above-mentioned ones) have a common advantage, that is, the configuration of the flow channel is simple, and the fluid flows from the inlet to the outlet in parallel and unidirectionally in the flow channel, but they also have a common disadvantage, that is, those involved in the reaction The unidirectional flow of the fluid will cause the concentration of each component of the fluid to decrease monotonously (for reactants) or increase monotonically (for products) from the inlet to the outlet, resulting in the concentration of each component of the fluid in the active area of ​​the battery. The concentration in each micro-area is not the same, which eventually becomes an important reason for the uneven distribution of current density in the entire active area.

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