507 results about "Micro cell" patented technology

The invention discloses a cellular communication system, a method for the inter-cell handover of a terminal and a macro base station. The cellular communication system comprises the macro base station and at least one micro base station within the coverage of the macro base station. The macro base station is used for establishing a control channel for the terminal of the micro base station, performing accessing management operations on the micro base stations within the coverage, receiving a handover request of the terminal and realizing the handover of the terminal to another micro base station within the coverage. The micro base station is used for establishing a data channel for an accessing terminal to perform data transmission with the terminal. By the system, the method and the macro base station, a user control plane and a data plane under a micro cell can be separated, so that the resources of the micro base station can be better used for data communication. Therefore, negative impact on the system can be reduced in a macro cell-micro cell coexisting networking way.

The invention discloses a method and a device for discovering a micro cell. The method comprises the following steps that: a base station of a macro cell triggers micro cells in a nonactivated state to send specific signals and triggers user equipment (UE) to receive the specific signals sent by the micro cells; the base station receives information of the micro cells which are discovered and determined to be reported by the UE according to the received specific signals; and the base station selects part of or all of the micro cells from the micro cells determined by the UE and configures part or all of the micro cells into quasi service micro cells of the UE. By the method and the device, the effect that in a wireless communication system heterogeneous network, the UE in the macro cell can discover the micro cells in the macro cell and a network side can select the suitable micro cells for the UE to provide services; and both the network side and the UE can be ensured to be effective and energy-saving by the mechanism disclosed by the invention.

A radio base station broadcasts system information through a control channel. Each mobile station receives system information (at step S21) and determines the moving speed thereof (at step S22). When the mobile station is moving at high speed, the mobile station measures the field intensities of available channels on which the mobile station can communicate with a macro cell radio base station (at step S23 or S27). When the mobile station is moving at low speed, the mobile station measures the field intensities of available channels on which the mobile station can communicate with a micro cell radio base station (at step S27 or S23). However, when the radio base station to which the mobile station is moving is different from the radio base station from which the mobile station has received the control channel at first, the mobile station receives new system information from the relevant base station at step S26. The mobile station selects a channel corresponding to the measured result and starts communicating with the new radio base station (at steps S24 and S25).

A method of reducing interference in a cellular radio communication including performing a courtesy handover of a first call to another channel to reduce interference in a second call when the presence of the first call on the same frequency as the second call causes the interference in the second call. Also, a method of setting up a call which permits a retry to a macro cell when a channel of sufficient quality is not found in a micro cell.

An apparatus and method of determining a mobility state is provided. A user equipment determines a size of a cell to be reselected by performing cell reselection, and determines the mobility state on the basis of the number of cell reselections and a size of the cell. Unnecessary cell reselection can be avoided even if the user equipment enters an area where a micro cell and a macro cell coexist.

A wireless communications network and a method, system, computer program product for implementing the wireless communications network is provided. In one embodiment, the wireless communications network includes an internet micro cell, an internet gateway, and a wireless service provider telephone switch. The internet micro cell is configured to receive wireless data transmissions from a wireless device, such as a wireless mobile telephone, and to transmit the data transmission via a wired medium, such as, for example, an Ethernet transmission line, to the internet gateway. The internet gateway then sends the information to the wireless service provider's telephone switch to then be routed to the appropriate recipient through the wireless service provider's wireless mobile telephone network. The internet micro cell is also configured to receive data from the internet service provider's telephone switch routed, via the Internet, and to then wirelessly transmit the information to the wireless mobile telephone.

Subscriber traffic loading in wireless channel sets (31) is indirectly estimated, and distribution of channel sets (31) among regions (39) in the confined space is optimized to more evenly allocate subscribers among those channel sets (31). Multiple service providers, multiple wireless technologies, and both donor-site and in-building micro-cell implementations are supported.

A cellular communication system and method supporting both a time division duplexing (TDD) scheme and a frequency division duplexing (FDD) scheme. The apparatus includes a plurality of mobile stations, at least three first fixed stations communicate with the mobile station based on the FDD scheme, the first fixed station defining respective macro cells that are contiguous and form a virtual cell, and a cluster including at least one second fixed station communicating with the mobile stations based on the TDD scheme, the second fixed station defining a micro cell in the virtual cell.

User equipment (UE), referred to herein as an interfering UE (130), can be detected that is proximate to a low-power cell (120), such as a micro-cell, pico-cell, femto-cell, a relay, or the like. The interfering UE (130) can be transmitting to the base station (110) at a power level that is producing high interference affecting uplink performance between a different UE and the low-power cell (120). A power adjustment message (140) can be generated at the base station (110). The power adjustment message (140) can be conveyed (156) from the base station (110) to the interfering UE (130). The power level adjustment message (130) can cause the interfering UE (130) to lower its transmission power (164), which reduces the high interference, thereby improving uplink performance between the different UE and the low-power cell (120).

A system and method for tracking a user. The system is adapted for use in a wireless communication system and creates a plurality of beams within a coverage area. A first beam is directed at a user in a first microcell and a number of additional beams illuminate microcells immediately adjacent the first microcell. The system is equipped with a mechanism for detecting movement of the user from the first microcell to one of the immediately adjacent microcells. On the detection of movement of the user, the system redirects the first beam from the first microcell to a second microcell, the second microcell being one of the adjacent microcells. In the illustrative embodiment, the system is implemented in a stratospheric platform based communication system including a hub adapted to communicate with a stratospheric platform. A transceiver and a phased array antenna are disposed on the platform to communicate with the hub and with the user. A second antenna is provided on the platform to communicate with the hub. Beamforming and direction are implemented on the hub and communicated to the platform. The user's position is detected with a global positioning system receiver, by measuring the strength of a signal received from the user, or by other suitable means. On detection of user movement from the first microcell, the beamforming system redirects the beam to follow the user into a second microcell. Additional beams around the user's microcell are illuminated to facilitate detection of the users movement.

Provided is a method for performing communication with a network by a User Equipment (UE) based on its speed information in the network in which at least one portion includes at least one micro cell overlapping at least one macro cell. The method includes measuring, by the UE, its moving speed; and performing at least one of feedback, measurement report, random access and UE capability report to the network by considering the measurement result.

A communication method of a macro base station, a macro terminal, a micro base station, and a micro terminal determines an interference control scheme for each interference condition between a micro cell and a micro cell and between a macro cell and a micro cell in a hierarchical cellular network, and controls interference in the hierarchical cellular network where a detailed operation for each determined interference control scheme, a message associated with the detailed operation, and a resource management scheme are defined.

A system and method for tracking a user. The system is adapted for use in a wireless communication system and creates a plurality of beams within a coverage area. A first beam is directed at a user in a first microcell and a number of additional beams illuminate microcells immediately adjacent the first microcell. The system is equipped with a mechanism for detecting movement of the user from the first microcell to one of the immediately adjacent microcells. On the detection of movement of the user, the system redirects the first beam from the first microcell to a second microcell, the second microcell being one of the adjacent microcells. In the illustrative embodiment, the system is implemented in a stratospheric platform based communication system including a hub adapted to communicate with a stratospheric platform. A transceiver and a phased array antenna are disposed on the platform to communicate with the hub and with the user. A second antenna is provided on the platform to communicate with the hub. Beamforming and direction are implemented on the hub and communicated to the platform. The user's position is detected with a global positioning system receiver, by measuring the strength of a signal received from the user, or by other suitable means. On detection of user movement from the first microcell, the beamforming system redirects the beam to follow the user into a second microcell. Additional beams around the user's microcell are illuminated to facilitate detection of the users movement.

The invention is directed to a mobile communications system having improved spectral efficiency. The invention is further directed to methods and apparatus to achieve this improved spectral efficiency. In the mobile communications system communication with a plurality of mobile terminals is provided by a base station. Within the system terminals are adapted to communicate with one or more adjacent similar terminals to establish groups of terminals, called micro-cells. Each terminal within a micro-cell receives signals from the base station and then performs a first processing step on these signals. These processed signals are shared with all the other terminals within the micro-cell. Each terminal then performs a second processing step on the information it has received from all the other terminals within the micro-cell which enables it to derive a signal intended for reception by that terminal. The technique is applicable to both the uplink (user to base station) and the down link (base station to user) and also to peer to peer (user to user) communication.

The invention discloses multielement catalysis iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler and a preparation method thereof. The multielement catalysis iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler mainly comprises 55-75 parts of iron powder, 10-30 parts of active carbon powder, 5-20 parts of nonferrous metal powder catalyst A, 5-10 parts of nonferrous metal powder catalyst B and 5-10 parts of inorganic catalyst C. The preparation method comprises the steps of weighing, extruding, primary moulding and high-temperature sintering. The invention has the advantages that the multielement catalysis iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler disclosed by the invention overcomes the defects that the traditional scrap iron is hardened easily and generated sludge is tripled or quadrupled after reaction because reaction speed cannot be controlled when micro cell reactions are excessive, iron-carbon micro cell potential difference is enlarged, reaction speed is higher, reaction ratio can be controlled, contact ratio of pollutant to a micro cell is tripled, sewage oxidation treatment efficiency is doubled or tripled, no hardening is caused as iron atoms are not in direct contact, and the filler does not need to be replaced or regenerated.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method, a device and a system for controlling the power of a home Node B. The method for controlling the power of the home base station comprises the following steps of: determining that user equipment (UE) enters a micro-cell under the coverage of signals of the home Node B (HNB); determining that the UE does not have an authority to access to the HNB;acquiring a measurement report of the UE, wherein the measurement report comprises macro-cell signal quality information of the position of the UE; and determining that the signals of the micro-cell generate same frequency interferences to the signals of the macro-cell according to the macro-cell signal quality information, and reducing the transmitting power of the HNB. By applying the technicalscheme of the embodiment of the invention, when the unauthorized UE enters a coverage area of the micro-cell of the HNB, the transmitting power of the HNB is adjusted according to the signal quality of the macro-cell in which the UE is positioned so as to reduce the interferences caused by the HNB to the macro-cell and reduce drop-call phenomena of the unauthorized UE in the coverage area of the micro-cell of the HNB.

The invention discloses a cross-layer interference coordination optimization method in a super dense heterogeneous network. The method includes a cell range extension strategy, a micro station ABS allocation strategy and a small station ABS allocation strategy. According to the method, on the basis of the interference characteristics of scenes, cell range extension offset between macro cells and micro cells is reasonably planned for load balance, the same-layer manner and the cross-layer manner are combined to allocate nearly blank subframes for macro stations and micro stations so as to reduce interference between neighbor cells, and thus the total throughput capacity of a system can be maximized on the premise that the system edge user reliability is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a method for preparing metal reinforced uranium dioxide nuclear fuel pellets. The method mainly comprises two steps: firstly, preparing core-shell structure granules, namely performing low-temperature rapid pre-sintering on UO2 powder by using a Spark Plasma Sintering SPS technique, pelletizing, balling to obtain UO2 pellets, performing physical mixing on the UO2 pellets with metal (one of Mo, Cr, W and the like) micro powder to coat surfaces of the UO2 pellets by the metal micro powder, thereby obtaining metal coated uranium dioxide core-shell structure granules; secondly, preparing a nuclear fuel pellets, namely performing high-temperature liquidation on the metal powder on the surfaces of the UO2 pellets, thereby forming a micro cell structure continuous phase similar to a cytomembrane structure around the UO2 pellets, and obtaining the special metal reinforced UO2 nuclear fuel pellets with a UO2 substrate.

A cell ranking algorithm for power saving in a cellular wireless network having a heterogeneous network structure of macro and micro cells. The algorithm determines when and which micro cells in the network can be deactivated, by which the power consumption of the network can be reduced. A micro cell (Micro d) having a traffic load below a threshold value is deactivated and its load is assigned to adjacent macro cells (Macro a, Macro b) acting as compensation cells. The proposed algorithm is based on the comprehensive consideration of factors that have influence on the power saving of the network and the balance between the traffic load (or quality of service) and the energy saving.

The invention provides a resource allocation method based on non-cooperative gambling in a super dense network. A double-layer network in the super dense network is analyzed to propose a shared and orthogonal hybrid spectrum allocation method based on perception; a multi-dimensional resource allocation model of base station connection, a user channel and power allocation is obtained by describing the base station connection, a channel model and system capacity; the resource allocation method based on the non-cooperative gambling is proposed to solve the multi-dimensional resource allocation problem, the algorithm describes a non-cooperative gambling model, an allowed domain is introduced to solve optimal power allocation, the 0-1 discrete variable of the base station connection is relaxed to a variable of a (0,1) section, an allocation channel is judged by normative punishment, and an algorithm for mutual iteration of the base station connection, the user channel and the power allocation is formed. The cross-layer and co-layer interference and the multi-dimensional radio resource allocation problem between a macro cell and a micro cell are solved, and the resource allocation method has certain superiority of inhibiting the interference and improving the throughput of the entire system.

The embodiment of the invention provides a cell replacement method and a cell replacement device. The method comprises the following steps of: determining a target cell for cell replacement as a micro cell, wherein the cell replacement comprises cell reselection or cell handover; determining the mobile state or mobile speed of UE (user equipment); and carrying out cell replacement judgment aiming at the target cell according to the moving state or the moving speed of the UE. According to the embodiment of the invention, during the process of carrying out the cell replacement judgment aiming at the micro cell, the moving state or the moving speed of the UE is considered so as to reduce unnecessary cell replacement aiming at the micro cell, thus the system burden and the UE power consumption which are caused by frequent cell replacement are lowered.

Provided is a system for communicating between a base station transceiver subsystem and radio access units in a wireless communication system. The system includes a data path switch for switching a signal received from a base station controller, to a predetermined picocell, a micro cell HD controller and a picocell HD controller for detecting header information of the received signal, and controlling the data path switch, a picocell power meter for receiving a signal strength from a mobile terminal, and performing a power control, a modem for processing and transmitting the signal to an optical transceiver, and processing and transmitting a signal received from the optical transceiver to the data path switch and an optical transceiving unit for receiving and converting an electric signal into an optical signal, and receiving and converting an optical signal into an electric signal.

The present invention provides systems, methods, screens, reagents and kits for optical system analysis of cells to rapidly determine the distribution, environment, or activity of fluorescently labeled reporter molecules in cells for the purpose of screening large numbers of compounds for those that specifically affect particular biological functions.

The invention is invention is used for solving the problem of occupying resources when a terminal is switch from a macro-cell to a micro-cell. The method comprises: dividing all micro cells belonging to one macro-cell into several logical cells; all micro cells on one logical cell have same frequency carrier and downlink scrambling code; when making a switch, the logical cells are used as the target cells to select a logical cell with best signal quality; selecting a micro-cell with best signal quality; using the selected micro-cell as the serving cell of the user's terminal.

A method manages the state of a plurality of micro base stations inside a mobile communication network. The network comprises at least a macro cell containing at least one Tracking Area covering a plurality of micro cells each one associated with a micro base station. The method to manage the states of micro cells comprises the steps of: switching on of all the micro base stations contained in said Tracking Area of the macro cell, counting of the messages of paging to determine the number of portable devices in Idle mode inside said Tracking Area, and switching off at least one micro base station in the Tracking Area when the number of portable devices in Idle mode in the said Tracking Area is lower than a first determined value. According to an improvement, the switching on of all the micro base stations contained in a Tracking Area is triggered when the current load of the macro cell exceeds a second determined value.

One object of the present invention is to improve stability of wireless communication, regardless of a movement speed of a mobile station by estimating a movement speed of a mobile station using a signal prepared in advance for a used standard and selecting an appropriate base station. In the wireless communication system 100 according to the present invention, in order to adjust a timing of receiving data from the PHS terminal 110 to a desired timing, base stations 120, 122 transmit an adjustment signal for advancing or delaying data transmission timing in the PHS terminal 110. Thus, the PHS terminal 110 calculates a bias amount of such an adjustment signal to determine high speed movement of the PHS terminal 110 and perform handover from a micro cell base station 120 to a macro cell base station 122.

The invention discloses a method for realizing energy conservation of a communication system. The method comprises the following steps of: getting a base station into a sleep state when no residence of user equipment in a cell is detected; receiving an response signal transmitted from the user equipment by the base station in the sleep state, wherein the response signal is transmitted after the user equipment receives a paging signal transmitted by the base station in a period which is N times the length of a radio frame; and switching the base station to an active state. The embodiment of the invention also provides an energy conservation base station and a micro-cell access gateway. Since whether the user equipment transmits the signal to a macro-network or not is not decisive, the application range is expanded. Since the access of the active state is directly determined according to the feedback of a user terminal, the residence of the user equipment in the micro-cell can be more accurately sensed; thus the accuracy of state switching is improved, and the reliability of intelligent energy conservation of the micro-cell is improved.

Disclosed is a method and apparatus for cell selection, which can prevent the occurrence of an error in the cell selection in a mobile communication system supporting the hierarchical cell structure. The method includes: when the number of times of cell reselection during a cell reselection time period given to a particular User Equipment (UE) located within a micro cell exceeds a predetermined maximum number of times, determining if a sum of actual occupancy time intervals of the particular UE in Node Bs, services of which the particular UE has used up to then, is smaller than a predetermined value; and when the sum of actual occupancy time intervals of the particular UE in Node Bs, services of which the particular UE has used up to then, is smaller than the predetermined value, determining that the UE is in a low speed state and maintaining the micro cell as a service cell for the UE.

The invention discloses a computing method for comprehensively improving spatial statistics channels for an asymmetric spatial structure evenly provided with non-uniform scatterers, wherein mobile communication environments such as macro cells and micro cells can be estimated accurately, flexibly and conveniently, and estimation accuracy of channel parameters such as the reaching angle and reaching time of electromagnetic signals and the channel capacity performance in an MIMO system can be improved effectively. The statistics channel computing method based on the asymmetric spatial structure and the non-uniform scatterers is achieved based on an asymmetric spatial statistics channel model, wherein the asymmetric spatial statistics channel model comprises a mobile station and a base station, a directional antenna is arranged in the base station, and all the scatterers are distributed in a fan-shaped scattering area covered by the antenna of the base station in a non-uniform mode and meet the Gaussian distribution mode or exponential distribution mode. The statistics channel computing method comprises the steps of computing a distribution density function expression of polar coordinates of the scatterers, computing a probability density function of the reaching angle and the reaching time, and computing the channel capacity.