Porous composite material for removing heavy metals in soil and preparation method thereof

A porous composite material and technology of porous materials, which are applied in the field of soil cultivation in agricultural production, can solve the problems of soil degeneration, less maturation methods, groundwater contamination of soil nutrients, etc., and achieve long service life, high mechanical strength and good chemical stability. Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-04-22
格丰科技材料有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The leaching method has a good effect on heavy pollution of hydrocarbons, nitrates and heavy metals, and is suitable for light soil, but the investment is large, and it is easy to cause groundwater pollution, soil nutrient loss, and soil denaturation.
[0023] 3) The heat treatment method is to heat the polluted soil to volatilize the volatile pollutants (Hg) in the soil and collect them for recycling or treatment. This method is only suitable for volatile heavy metals and has limited removal of cadmium.
[0024] 4) The electrolysis method is

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0057] Preparation of porous composite material: Weigh 1 kg of potassium feldspar, 55 kg of bentonite, 2 kg of quartz powder, 0.5 kg of calcite, 0.5 kg of talcum powder, and 2.5 kg of graphite powder, add water, balls, and a dispersant, and the dispersant is trimeric Sodium phosphate, their ratio is material: water: ball: dispersant = 1: 0.8: 2: 0.003, and then put them together into the ball mill tank for ball milling for 18 hours; pass the ball milled slurry through a 300 mesh screen, pour it into Put them in a stainless steel plate, and then put them into an oven for drying together; shape the dried mud powder into balls through an extruder, put the balls into an oven for drying, and dry them with a moisture content of less than 0.8%, and burn them in an electric furnace; The obtained material is soaked in a dilute sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 0.5-5%, placed at a temperature of 50-90°C for 0.1-3 hours, and then dried at a temperature of 80-150°C; then put i...

Embodiment 2

[0059] Weigh 20g of the material of Example 1 (one-dimensional length is 1cm), add it to 10 kg of cadmium-containing farmland soil, then add 19 kg of water, stir for 2 hours, put the mixture in a sealed container, and put the The container of this mixture is slowly turned (1 revolution per minute) for 180 days. The measured cadmium concentration of this cadmium-containing farmland soil before mixing with the material of Example 1 is 1.1mg / L, and after 180 days, the sealed container is opened to store the soil and analyze the contained cadmium concentration results of the soil as shown in Table 1 Show. At the same time, pull out the material of Example 1 with a particle size of 1 cm, rinse the soil with water, then put the rinsed material of Example 1 into 50 ml of 1% EDTA solution, shake the solution for 5 hours, and then filter out the material of Example 1 Wash and dilute the material of Example 1 with 50ml of deionized water, combine the washing water with the EDTA soaking...

Embodiment 3

[0064]Weigh 20g of the material of Example 1 (the one-dimensional length is 20mm and pack in four nylon mesh bags), add it to 10 kg of cadmium-containing farmland soil, add 20 kg of water, stir evenly for 2 hours, and pack the mixture into In a sealed container, the container containing the mixture was slowly turned (1 revolution per minute) for 200 days. The cadmium-containing concentration measured before the cadmium-containing farmland soil was mixed with the material of Example 1 was 1.1 mg / L, and after 200 days, the sealed container was opened to store the soil and analyze the cadmium concentration results contained in the soil as shown in Table 2 Show.

[0065] Table 2 Analysis results of cadmium in farmland soil before and after treatment

[0066] before processing after treatment Cadmium removal efficiency percentage Active cadmium, mg / kg 0.30 0.11 63.3% Total cadmium, mg / kg 1.20 0.90 25.0%

[0067] As can be seen from the data in ...

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a porous composite material for removing heavy metals in soil, which comprises the following steps: mixing an inorganic material and an organic material, molding, drying, sintering and the like to prepare a porous material substrate; activating the porous material with acid; and finally, in an organic or inorganic solution, treating the porous material with a silane coupling agent or any other organic molecule with adsorption, complexing and chemical linkage function on heavy metals to obtain a functional molecular layer, thereby obtaining the required porous composite material. The porous composite material has the characteristics of high selectivity for heavy metals and high adsorption efficiency when being used for remediating heavy-metal-containing soil. The porous material has the advantages of low consumption and long service life (up to 3-5 years). The technique can be widely used for remediating farmland or cultivated soil without influencing the normal cultivation and production of crops.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil cultivation in agricultural production, in particular to a porous composite material for removing heavy metals in soil and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] 1.1 The severity and harm of "cadmium rice" [0003] According to the 2013 Hunan Statistical Yearbook, in 2012, the sown area of ​​grain in Hunan Province was 4.937 million hectares, and the rice output was 26.31 million tons, accounting for 12.9% of the national rice output. It is the largest major rice producing area in the country. But in recent years, there have been endless disturbances about cadmium rice. As early as 2002, the results of the rice safety sampling inspection conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture showed that the rate of cadmium exceeding the standard was 10.3%. , Professor Pan Genxing of Nanjing Agricultural University announced that the 170 samples tested in 2007 had an exceeding rate of about...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B01J20/22B01J20/28B01J20/30C09K17/40C09K17/08B09C1/00
CPCB01J20/22B01J20/28059B01J20/28061B01J20/28064B01J20/28083B01J20/28085B09C1/00C09K17/08C09K17/40C09K2101/00
Inventor 奉向东
Owner 格丰科技材料有限公司
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