The invention relates to an electric heating system of a high-temperature asphalt tank. The defects that (1) the heat conversion rate of indirect heating is low; (2) noise pollution, waste gas pollution and environmental pollution are caused; (3) potential safety hazards such as explosion and leakage happen; (4) using cost is increased year by year; (5) mounting, maintaining and repairing are inconvenient; (6) work can not be conducted in the oil shortage process in the prior art are overcome. According to the electric heating system of the high-temperature asphalt tank, the side face of the tank body part is provided with an electric heater part through a flange, a power wiring box part of an electric heater is used for leading in a power source, a power cable is used for being connected with multiple electric heating elements, and the electric heating elements have a heating function. Petroleum is non-renewable resources, according to Yearbook, up to the end of 2011, the global petroleum reserves are about 1.653 trillion buckets, and the global petroleum reserves can be used for 54 years. Last year, the British Petroleum Company reported that the global petroleum reserves are 1.526 trillion buckets by the end of 2010. According to the very conservative consumption speed of global 0.8 hundred million buckets every day, the current global petroleum reserves can be globally consumed for 54 years. A road building machine is a device which consumes a large number of petroleum products, the heat conversion rate is low, if all road building machines in China or even in the whole world are changed to be in a direct electric heating mode, the heat conversion rate can be greatly improved, pollution is lowered, and petroleum resources are saved.