Seismic data static correction method and device based on reflected waves

Abstract

The invention provides a seismic data static correction method and device based on reflected waves. The method comprises the steps that firstly, picked travel time is corrected to the zero geophone distance; secondly, the relation between the physical point altitude difference and the travel time difference is subjected to statistics, and the reflected wave travel time is separated into shot point single-pass perpendicular reflected wave travel time and detection point single-pass perpendicular reflected wave travel time; thirdly, the shot point single-pass perpendicular reflected wave travel time and the detection point single-pass perpendicular reflected wave travel time are converted into the thicknesses of low deceleration zones according to a time-depth relationship curve of the low deceleration zones; finally, the static correction value of seismic data is calculated according to the thicknesses of the low deceleration zones and the corresponding single-pass perpendicular reflected wave travel time, and the static correction value is used for conducting static correction. As a result, the influence of poor first arrival on the effect of static correction is avoided, and the resolution ratio and accuracy of the seismic data are improved. The seismic data static correction method and device based on the reflected waves are applicable to static correction of seismic exploration data in near-surface complex regions onshore.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seismic data processing, in particular to a static correction method and device for seismic data based on reflected waves for onshore seismic exploration data. Background technique [0002] Seismic exploration is the main method for finding and exploring oil and gas. The main work includes three steps of seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation. Seismic data processing mainly provides data results for seismic data interpretation. There are many contents in seismic data processing, mainly including static correction, denoising, deconvolution, velocity analysis, dynamic correction, stacking and migration, etc. In the basic earthquake theory, it is assumed that the excitation point and the receiving point are on the same horizontal plane, and the formation velocity is uniform. But in fact, the ground is often uneven, and there is often a low-velocity zone at a certain depth near the surface ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Among them, the model method is to interpolate the entire near-surface structure using the low-velocity zone data obtained from near-surface survey points (including micro-logging, small refraction, etc.), and the surface structure between control points is obtained by interpolation, so The accuracy is low, and the resolution is not high. In actual production, it is only used to calculate the static correction of the simple area near the surface structure.

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