Method for detecting geological structures of coal mine excavation roadway in various directions by using excavation signals

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for detecting the geological structures of a coal mine excavation roadway in various directions by using excavation signals. The method comprises the following steps of: hardware connection and system arrangement; data acquisition; seismic data preprocessing; data processing analysis and offset imaging; and comprehensive geological interpretation. With the method of the invention adopted, conditions such as coal seam occurrence, geological structures, stress and pressure of a left working face, a right working face and the front of an excavation face can be timely predicted; coal mine geological hazards can be effectively controlled; casualties due to geological causes can be reduced. According to the method of the invention, the coal cutting shock of an excavator is adopted as a seismic origin so that seismic detection is performed, and therefore, normal production arrangements will not be affected, and the method is economical and effective; and the use of explosives is avoided, and construction is securer.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention is designed in the technical field of coal mine roadway excavation and coal mining, and is mainly used for detecting geological anomalies such as small faults, collapse columns, goafs and scour zones in front of the face of coal mine roadways, and specifically relates to a method for detecting coal mines using excavation-driven signals. The geological structure method in all directions of the roadway. Background technique [0002] It is easy to miss some small structures in the stage of coalfield surface exploration, such as small and medium faults in coal seams, collapse columns, etc. These small structures are difficult to find in the stage of coalfield general survey and exploration or even mining area detailed survey, whether it is drilling or other geophysical methods. Accuracy, the effect is not obvious, and the cost increase caused by increasing the accuracy of ground exploration is huge. These geological structures in the ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] It is easy to miss some small structures in the stage of coalfield surface exploration, such as small and medium faults in coal seams, collapse columns, etc. These small structures are difficult to find in the stage of coalfield general survey and exploration or even mining area detailed survey, whether it is drilling or other geophysical methods. Accuracy, the effect is not obvious, and the cost increase caused by increasing the accuracy of ground exploration is huge. These geological structures in the coal seam, such as small faults, collapse columns and scour zones, seriously threaten the safe production of coal mines, especially in the stage of coal mine roadway excavation Because the geological conditions of coal seams cannot be ascertained in advance, the geological structures in coal seams often cause production accidents such as landslides, roof caving, water inrush and gas outburst, which cause huge economic losses to coal mine production and seriously endanger the lives of coal mine personnel. During the excavation of coal mine roadway, it is one of the main tasks of coal production enterprises to detect the distribution of the geological structure ahead, and then carry out reasonable planning and management work, so as to ensure the safe production of coal mines.

[0003] According to the data, 80% of the accidents in the coal field occurred during the mining process. The accidents occurred because the geological structure around the excavation roadway was unknown. Although the underground channel wave seismic survey can detect these small structures very well, However, the existing channel wave exploration method has the following problems: 1. It can only solve a certain aspect of the problem, such as detecting the geological structure in front of the roadway, or the geological structure on the side of the roadway, or performing microseismic monitoring of tunneling and mining; 2. The existing channel wave technology still needs to manually excite the seismic source, which has hidden dangers of unsafe accidents, and also delays the normal excavation and mining work of the coal mine, and the efficiency is very low; 3. The existing technology is only for exploration in a certain area, and there is no change over time , and cannot be corrected according to the excavation disclosure, and the accuracy cannot be improved

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