Observation system optimization method and device for consistent energy illumination of target layer signal-to-noise ratio

Abstract

The present invention proposes an observation system optimization method and device for the consistent energy illumination of the target layer signal-to-noise ratio. The method includes: establishing a near-surface signal-to-noise ratio library; , form the lighting analysis results based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the target layer; perform consistency processing on the lighting results, and optimize the observation system. On the basis of conventional ray lighting of the target layer in the past, the present invention increases the weight factor of the signal-to-noise ratio. In addition to considering the influence of the velocity field on the lighting, the present invention mainly considers the impact of factors such as near-surface structure, lithology, excitation parameters, and surface relief elevation on the surface. The impact of the lighting results makes the design optimization of the illumination observation system based on the consistent energy of the signal-to-noise ratio of the target layer more in line with the actual situation, and can better guide the design and evaluation of the field observation system, so that the collected seismic data has higher energy and signal-to-noise ratio, ensuring Improve data quality and improve exploration accuracy.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the application field of seismic exploration technology, and relates to an observation system optimization design technology for illumination of a target layer in consideration of the signal-to-noise ratio factor, so that the designed observation system is more in line with actual conditions. Background technique [0002] Observation system design is to rationally arrange the geometric position relationship between receiver points and shot points according to geological tasks, so that the collected seismic data can meet the requirements. Observation system design is divided into two-dimensional and three-dimensional, but three-dimensional seismic exploration is the most effective means to solve complex geological problems, and is also the main means of oil and gas exploration. The design of three-dimensional observation system is closely related to imaging quality and exploration cost. The basis for the design of the observatio...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The traditional observation system evaluation methods based on the CRP (common reflection point) coverage times of the target layer and elastic wave illumination energy statistics do not consider the objective fact of the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data. The CRP and illumination of the target layer assume the same or both It is 1, without considering the influence of signal-to-noise ratio under different lithology, buried depth, well depth, excitation mode and other conditions near the surface, so it cannot meet the actual needs of acquisition design

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