Unmanned aerial vehicle ad hoc network AODV routing improvement method based on speed and energy awareness

Abstract

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle ad hoc network AODV routing improvement method based on speed and energy awareness. According to the method, a cross-layer idea is combined, a link cost concept is provided, an energy residual rate, a relative movement degree and a congestion degree are used as measurement indexes to define link cost, a routing criterion is modified, and a path is selected according to the minimum link cost. Thus, the improved AODV routing protocol with speed energy awareness is designed; in addition, a relay broadcast strategy based on the number of neighbor nodes is proposed, and a probability factor and a random factor are introduced to realize a relay probability hierarchical broadcast function to reduce RREQ broadcast redundancy. Compared with the traditional AODV routing protocol, the protocol improved by the method shortens the end-to-end delay between the nodes, improves the packet delivery rate and reduces the routing discovery frequency. In addition, according to the method, the energy consumption is reduced, the average residual energy of the nodes is increased, the routing overhead is effectively controlled, the overall performance of the network is improved, and the method is more suitable for the topological environment of the unmanned aerial vehicle ad hoc network.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of UAV ad hoc network, in particular to an improved AODV routing method for UAV ad hoc network based on speed and energy perception. Background technique [0002] Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANET) is a special wireless ad-hoc network (Mobile Ad-hoc Networks, MANET), its mobile nodes are small drones or small aircraft, equipped with communication and Other professional equipment in different fields. Although FANET and MANET have many similarities, due to their unique characteristics, routing protocols designed for MANET are not suitable for FANET. The following are some key points in FANET design: All system units of UAVs in flight (such as transmitters, receiver devices, control units, information processing units, and payloads) are all powered by built-in power supplies, and UAVs equipped with limited onboard energy will have limited flight time, which will seriously affect the UAV network as a whole ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although FANET and MANET have many similarities, due to their unique characteristics, routing protocols designed for MANET are not suitable for FANET. The following are some key points in FANET design: All system units of UAVs in flight (such as transmitters, receiver devices, control units, information processing units, and payloads) are all powered by built-in power supplies, and UAVs equipped with limited onboard energy will have limited flight time, which will seriously affect the UAV network as a whole performance, optimizing energy consumption between nodes has become one of the important research challenges; disaster monitoring, search and destruction operations require minimal delay, because information needs to be transmitted at a very high rate, although it is almost impossible to have a network without delay, However, how to minimize and control the delay in the network within a certain range is also a problem that FANET needs to consider; the mobility of FANET nodes is much higher than that of MANET, and all UAV nodes are highly maneuverable, with speeds ranging from 30 to 460 km / h, which leads to The fluctuation of the wireless link is eliminated, and the efficiency of the routing technology will change with the speed of the UAV. Therefore, how to develop a routing protocol for stable and reliable communication in the UAV network with a high-speed dynamic topology and uneven node distribution turned into a daunting task

[0003] AODV (Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) routing protocol is a classic reactive routing protocol in MANET. It combines the advantages of DSDV (destination sequenced distance vector) and DSR (dynamic sourcerouting) protocols, and is very suitable for network resources such as bandwidth and power. In a scarce environment, nodes only need to store the necessary path information, and do not have to maintain all nodes in the entire network at all times, which reduces a lot of memory requirements and routing overhead, but it also has the inherent disadvantages of reactive routing, which requires relatively long delays to establish links , in the route exploration stage, only the minimum number of hops is used as the basis for route selection, without considering the influence of physical factors in any real environment, it is too idealized, and it is difficult to be practically applied in UAV networking

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