However, there are many other activities that may
pose some risk of
head injury to participants wherein helmets have not been universally accepted in those activities.
While sailing in particular, and boating in general, are quite safe sports, there is nevertheless some chance that serious
head injury may occur.
While all sailors are aware of the boom, and the arc through which it travels when the boat comes about, it can nevertheless catch a person off guard at times, and may possibly result in serious injury.
Even a blow that renders a person unconscious, but does no other damage, can be fatal in sailing if the person is knocked overboard, even with appropriate flotation gear, as the person may not be able to keep their head clear of the water.
In addition to the mainsail boom of the typical sailboat, there are a large number of lines and other rigging which may occasionally come loose, and it can be difficult for even an experienced sailor to remain clear of all such rigging in all directions at all times. Kayakers, river rafters, and people canoeing are all at risk from oars.
After an extended period without a
visor or other sun shield, a person's eyes may become sore and suffer from a number of conditions such as pteryguim.
However, due to the temperatures on the water or on land, especially in tropical climates, a standard cap may become unbearable to wear due to the build-up of heat.
In addition, a standard cap offers little protection from swinging booms, golf clubs or other equipment that may strike the wearer during participation in the
outdoor activity.
In other outdoor activities, spectators and / or participants may be at risk at being struck in the head.
But as they do, they are at risk from errant balls, errant swings and golf
cart mishaps.
In addition, spectators in the stands of baseball games are at risk from flying bats and / or balls, while many softball players, such as recreational players, do not wear any
safety equipment at all and are at risk from balls and bats.
A wide variety of protective head gear comprising features for protecting a user's head, eyes and ears is available, but it is generally unsatisfactory for use in water sports and certain outdoor activities.
While providing head, eye and
ear protection, the football helmet, even without its
mask, is unsuitable for use in water sports for a number of reasons.
For example, a football helmet, like similar types of headgear, is bulky and heavy.
If worn by a surfer, the force of water against the interior surface of the shell if the surfer fell would act against the holding force of the
chin strap could produce considerable stress and strain on the wearer's neck.
Moreover, since such helmets generally are enclosed, there is insufficient ventilation to relieve the build-up of heat under the helmet, making the helmet uncomfortable to wear, especially in tropical climates.
A majority of other types of head gear that provide, such as, for example, helmets worn by motorcyclists, baseball players, bicyclists, skateboarders, racquetball players and the like, all suffer from one or more of the above-described disadvantages of a football helmet if worn by a person engaged in certain outdoor activities sports.