The invention discloses a method for treating seeds for promoting germination of oilseed rape and improving the cold resistance of the oilseed rape. The method is characterized by comprising steps of 1), preparing the seeds, to be more specific, preparing the oilseed rape seeds to be sown during production and conventionally screening the seeds for standby application; 2), treating the selected oilseed rape seeds by the aid of chemical agents, to be more specific, soaking the selected oilseed rape seeds in 0.05% H2O2 solution at the room temperature of 20-25 DEG C for 4-8h or at the room temperature of 10-15 DEG C for 8-12h, and then repeatedly washing the oilseed rape seeds by the aid of tap water; 3), dehydrating and drying the seeds, to be more specific, spreading and drying the treated seeds in shade places under a room-temperature condition for 1-5 days, and storing the seeds in sealed bags for standby application after the water contents of the seeds are reduced and reach the water contents of the seeds in pretreatment states. The method has the advantages that as proved by tests, germination rates and germination indexes of the oilseed rape seeds treated by the aid of the method are higher than germination rates and germination indexes of untreated control group, and the oilseed rape is high in growth speed after the seeds are germinated and can grow robustly.