Agents for control of codling moth in fruit orchards

A codling moth, orchard technology, applied in the direction of application, biocide, animal repellent, etc., can solve the problem that geraniol codling moth repellent is not described

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-11-14
EFAL化学工业有限公司 +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0012] To the best of the inventors' knowledge, geraniol has not been described in the literature as a repellant for codling moths

Method used

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  • Agents for control of codling moth in fruit orchards
  • Agents for control of codling moth in fruit orchards
  • Agents for control of codling moth in fruit orchards

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0056] Example 1. Effect of β-Glucosidase Activity on the Attraction / Repulsion of Apple Leaf Extracts to Codling Moth Adults

[0057] Quantitative β-glucosidase activity assays using p-nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) as substrate confirmed the residual activity of endogenous β-glucosidase in apple leaf extracts (0.24 unit g -1 fresh weight.min -1 ). Treatment with glucoimidazole (Heightman and Vasella, 1999) resulted in undetectable levels of β-glucosidase activity in leaf extracts.

[0058] Traps containing apple leaf extract and 2 μM glucoimidazole captured significantly more adult codling moths than traps containing leaf extract, leaf extract-treated BGL1, or water. Furthermore, significantly more insects were captured around the leaf plus inhibitor trap than any other trap (Figure 1). These fairly consistent results suggest that aglycones released by β-glucosidase activity have a repellent effect on codling moth insects. Furthermore, the complete inhibition of ...

Embodiment 2

[0060] Example 2. GC-MS Analysis of Apple Leaf Extracts Treated with BGL1 or β-Glucosidase Inhibitors

[0061] Headspace volatiles from leaf extracts treated with BGL1, β-glucosidase inhibitors, or not treated with SPME fibers were collected and analyzed by GC-MS. The detected volatiles are identified and quantified by comparing their mass spectra and retention indices to authentic synthetic standards. 1-octanol (CV, coefficient of variation, 32.6%), linalool (28.6%), geraniol ( 22.4%), benzyl alcohol (32.1%), methyl salicylate (41.9%), (2R,5R)-theaspirane (38.7%) and (2S,5R)-theaspirane (32.4%) levels significantly increased (Fig. 2), indicating that these compounds are mainly present in apple tree leaves as glycosides.

[0062] A. niger BGL1 released significantly more aglycone from leaf extracts compared to leaf extracts in the absence of exogenous β-glucosidase or β-glucosidase inhibitors. This could reflect a difference in substrate specificity between A. niger BGL1 an...

Embodiment 3

[0067] Example 3. Attractive / Repellent Effects of Beta-Glucosidase Enhancing Compounds on Codling Moth Insects

[0068] In cage bioassays, traps with the respective compounds at concentrations detected in leaf extracts were paired with control traps containing only water and ethanol. The attractiveness of the compounds to adults followed a descending order: methyl salicylate and a mixture of the two theaspirane isomers, followed by linalool, then benzyl alcohol. All these compounds were more attractive than water as a blank (Fig. 3). Interestingly, traps with a mixture of all these compounds did not catch the most insects. To our knowledge, this is the first report of theaspirane isomers as attractants for codling moths. In addition to the widely accepted technique of insect mating disruption (Calkins and Faust, 2003), these compounds can be used as baits in mass captures of adults.

[0069] Has 70ng ml -1 The 1-octanol traps did not capture any insects, and adding the sam...

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for identifying volatile insect repellents and / or attractants released from their non-volatile glycosides by the action of -glucosidase on plant tissue extracts. By this method, geraniol was identified as codling moth repellent and methyl salicylate, (2R, 5R)-theaspirane, and (2S, 5R)-theaspirane, and to a lesser extent linalool and benzyl alcohol as codling moth attractants. The invention provides compositions comprising said repellent and attractants and methods for control of codling moth in fruit, preferably apple, orchards.

Description

field of invention [0001] The present invention relates to methods for the identification of insect repellents and attractants, and the use of certain insect repellents and attractants for the integrated control of codling moth in orchards. Background of the invention [0002] Codling moth larvae are very destructive pests. Codling moth adults are small, with a 1 / 2 to 3 / 4 inch wingspan, about the size of the common housefly. Their gray piebald appearance resembles tree bark, making them difficult to spot. If adults are caught, codling moths can be distinguished from other fruit tree-related moths by their dark brown wingtips with shiny copper-colored markings. They lay their eggs one by one on a fruit, nut, or nearby leaf. In pear trees, eggs can also be laid on the roots of leaf clusters. On apple and pear trees, the larvae penetrate the fruit and burrow into the core, leaving brown holes in the fruit filled with borers (larval droppings). In plum trees, and occasional...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01N25/32A01N31/02
CPCA01N43/12A01N31/04A01N37/40A01N49/00A01N25/28A01N25/18A01N25/10A01N25/06A01N2300/00A01N25/32A01N65/34A01N65/36
Inventor O·索塞约夫S·韦I·弗卢克斯曼
Owner EFAL化学工业有限公司
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