Ester emulsifying agent used for industrial emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an ester emulsifying agent used for an industrial emulsion explosive and a preparation method thereof. The ester emulsifying agent comprises an oily group component, a linking group component, a polar group component and a base oil component, the mol ratio proportion of the oily group component to the linking group component to the polar group component is 1:1-2:1-4, the oily group component, the linking group component and the polar group component react to generate polyolefine acid ester, then the polyolefine acid ester is diluted by using the base oil component, and the weight proportion of the polyolefine acid ester to the base oil component at the time of dilution is 1:0.8-1.2. The preparation method comprises the following steps that: in an alkylation process, the oily group component is put into a reactor and is heated, then the linking group component is put into the reactor, the temperature is kept, the mixture is stirred for 0.5-1 hour, the temperature is raised to 200-240 DEG C, and a reaction is carried out for 2-5 hours; and in an esterification process, the polar group component is added into polyolefine carboxylic acid or polyolefine carboxylic acid anhydride obtained by the reaction, the mixture is heated when being stirred, the reaction time lasts for 7-16 hours, the base oil component is added for dilution, and a product of the ester type emulsifying agent is obtained by filtration.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic chemical emulsifier synthesis, in particular to an ester emulsifier used in industrial emulsion explosives and a preparation method thereof. Background technique

[0002] In 1957, American metal scientist Melbin Cook proposed the idea of ​​adding water to explosives to improve the water resistance of ammonium nitrate explosives. This idea created a new stage in the development of varieties such as "SLurry explosive" and "Emulsion explosive". In the 1960s, patents for the preparation technology of "emulsion explosives" in developed countries came out one after another. In the mid-1970s, Atlas Corporation of the United States developed a water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion water-containing explosive. Its formula composition is more reasonable and simple than "slurry explosive", and its explosive power is almost equivalent to that of dynamite explosive. Since then, the research and application of "emulsio...

Examples

example 1

[0023] Put 500g of highly active polyisobutene with a number average molecular weight of 500 in a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring, thermometer and reflux condenser, heat up to 120°C, and put in 116g of maleic acid, polyisobutene and maleic acid The molar ratio is about 1:1, maintain the temperature and stir for 0.5 hours to mix the materials evenly, raise the temperature to 220°C, react for 3 hours, sample and analyze, the acid value of the product is 182mgKOH / g, and free maleic acid is the reaction product 0.6% by weight, the reaction is terminated, and the crude product is filtered to obtain polyolefin maleic acid;

[0024] The polyolefin maleic acid obtained by the above reaction is all returned to a three-necked flask with stirring, a thermometer, and a reflux condenser, and 62 g of ethylene glycol is added, and the molar ratio of polyolefin to ethylene glycol is about 1: 1. Heat up to 120°C while stirring, and the reaction time is 7 hours. After the esterifica...

example 2

[0026] Put 700g of highly active polypentene with a number average molecular weight of 700 in a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring, thermometer and reflux condenser, heat up to 190°C, and put in 232g of fumaric acid, polypentene and transbutene The molar ratio of the diacid is about 1:2, maintain the temperature and stir for 0.6 hours to mix the materials evenly, raise the temperature to 240°C, react for 2 hours, sample and analyze, the acid value of the product is 240mgKOH / g, free fumaric acid is the reaction 0.5% of the weight of the product, the reaction is terminated, and the crude product is filtered to obtain polypentene fumaric acid;

[0027] The polypentene fumaric acid obtained by the above reaction is all returned to a three-necked flask with stirring, a thermometer, and a reflux condenser, and 296 g of n-butanol is added. The mol ratio of polypentene to n-butanol is about 1:4, heat up to 150°C while stirring, and the reaction time is 9 hours. After the este...

example 3

[0029] Put 1000g of highly active poly-n-butene with a number average molecular weight of 1000 in a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring, thermometer and reflux condenser, heat up to 150°C, and put in 147g of maleic anhydride, polyolefin and maleic anhydride The molar ratio is about 1:1.5, maintain the temperature and stir for 0.8 hours to mix the materials evenly, heat up to 200°C, react for 4 hours, sample and analyze, the product acid value is 146mgKOH / g, free maleic anhydride is the weight of the reaction product 0.4% of the reaction, the reaction is completed, and the crude product is filtered to obtain polyolefin maleic anhydride;

[0030]All the polyolefin maleic anhydride obtained by the above reaction is returned to a three-necked flask with stirring, a thermometer, and a reflux condenser, and 92 g of glycerol is added, and the molar ratio of polyolefin to glycerol is about 1:1 , while stirring, the temperature was raised to 140°C, and the reaction time was 11 ...

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic chemical emulsifier synthesis, in particular to an ester emulsifier used in industrial emulsion explosives and a preparation method thereof. Background technique

[0002] In 1957, American metal scientist Melbin Cook proposed the idea of ​​adding water to explosives to improve the water resistance of ammonium nitrate explosives. This idea created a new stage in the development of varieties such as "SLurry explosive" and "Emulsion explosive". In the 1960s, patents for the preparation technology of "emulsion explosives" in developed countries came out one after another. In the mid-1970s, Atlas Corporation of the United States developed a water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion water-containing explosive. Its formula composition is more reasonable and simple than "slurry explosive", and its explosive power is almost equivalent to that of dynamite explosive. Since then, the research and application of "emulsio...

Examples

example 1

[0023] Put 500g of highly active polyisobutene with a number average molecular weight of 500 in a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring, thermometer and reflux condenser, heat up to 120°C, and put in 116g of maleic acid, polyisobutene and maleic acid The molar ratio is about 1:1, maintain the temperature and stir for 0.5 hours to mix the materials evenly, raise the temperature to 220°C, react for 3 hours, sample and analyze, the acid value of the product is 182mgKOH / g, and free maleic acid is the reaction product 0.6% by weight, the reaction is terminated, and the crude product is filtered to obtain polyolefin maleic acid;

[0024] The polyolefin maleic acid obtained by the above reaction is all returned to a three-necked flask with stirring, a thermometer, and a reflux condenser, and 62 g of ethylene glycol is added, and the molar ratio of polyolefin to ethylene glycol is about 1: 1. Heat up to 120°C while stirring, and the reaction time is 7 hours. After the esterifica...

example 2

[0026] Put 700g of highly active polypentene with a number average molecular weight of 700 in a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring, thermometer and reflux condenser, heat up to 190°C, and put in 232g of fumaric acid, polypentene and transbutene The molar ratio of the diacid is about 1:2, maintain the temperature and stir for 0.6 hours to mix the materials evenly, raise the temperature to 240°C, react for 2 hours, sample and analyze, the acid value of the product is 240mgKOH / g, free fumaric acid is the reaction 0.5% of the weight of the product, the reaction is terminated, and the crude product is filtered to obtain polypentene fumaric acid;

[0027] The polypentene fumaric acid obtained by the above reaction is all returned to a three-necked flask with stirring, a thermometer, and a reflux condenser, and 296 g of n-butanol is added. The mol ratio of polypentene to n-butanol is about 1:4, heat up to 150°C while stirring, and the reaction time is 9 hours. After the este...

example 3

[0029] Put 1000g of highly active poly-n-butene with a number average molecular weight of 1000 in a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring, thermometer and reflux condenser, heat up to 150°C, and put in 147g of maleic anhydride, polyolefin and maleic anhydride The molar ratio is about 1:1.5, maintain the temperature and stir for 0.8 hours to mix the materials evenly, heat up to 200°C, react for 4 hours, sample and analyze, the product acid value is 146mgKOH / g, free maleic anhydride is the weight of the reaction product 0.4% of the reaction, the reaction is completed, and the crude product is filtered to obtain polyolefin maleic anhydride;

[0030]All the polyolefin maleic anhydride obtained by the above reaction is returned to a three-necked flask with stirring, a thermometer, and a reflux condenser, and 92 g of glycerol is added, and the molar ratio of polyolefin to glycerol is about 1:1 , while stirring, the temperature was raised to 140°C, and the reaction time was 11 ...