The invention discloses a method for preparing biological liquid energy resource by agricultural wastes, which comprises the following steps: firstly, utilizing dissolvent to abstract extract from agricultural wastes, evaporating under 5-100 DEG C temperature and 0-0.99MPa vacuum, recovering dissolvent, and getting the extract of agricultural wastes, secondly, evenly mixing catalyst and agricultural wastes extract according to addition quantity whose quality percentage is 0-5%, placing into a thermal cracking furnace, charging in inactive gas, rapidly warming up to 200-900 DEG C, cooling hot cracking gas under 60 DEG C, and getting raw oil, thirdly, distilling under 20-80 DEG C and 0.01-0.99 MPa, and getting biological liquid energy after cooling distillate. The invention can not only improve added value of agricultural wastes, but also can release the shortcomings of national liquid energy, and method for preparing biological liquid energy resource has excellent social benefits, environmental benefits and economic benefit. The method for preparing biological liquid energy resource has the advantages of simple technique, easy operation, excellent controllability, low cost and easy industrialization, which has very extensive application prospect.