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Method for directly generating angle gathers by using wave-equation migration

A technology of wave equation and angle gathers, applied in seismic signal processing and other directions, which can solve the problems of sensitive velocity model and difficult to obtain the incident angle.

Active Publication Date: 2010-12-22
INST OF GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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Problems solved by technology

However, the current method of calculating the incident angle is based on the ray tracing algorithm. This high-frequency approximation method is sensitive to the velocity model, and it is difficult to obtain the correct incident angle under complex velocity changes. Therefore, this method encounters many difficulties in practical applications.

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  • Method for directly generating angle gathers by using wave-equation migration
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  • Method for directly generating angle gathers by using wave-equation migration

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Embodiment 1

[0096] Embodiment 1: The method of directly generating angle gathers by wave equation depth migration, taking Daqing LMD area as an example, the specific steps are as follows:

[0097] (1) Using the bilateral acquisition method, the geophone obtains the reflection seismic signal excited by the artificial source and records it on the tape. 16 acquisition lines are laid out for each shot, and the trace spacing on the acquisition line is 40m. Each shot contains 16×168= 2688 tracks; a total of 3600 shots were fired and recorded, figure 1 It is a typical single shot record.

[0098] (2) Read the reflected seismic signals from the magnetic tape, and store them in the PC-Cluster computer according to the pre-stack shot set sorting. The offset calculation will be performed by reading each single shot record and looping through the shots.

[0099] (3) According to Figure 2a with 2b Using the migration velocity model of the wave equation migration one-way wave algorithm, the source ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for directly generating angle gather by using wave-equation migration, which is applied to seismic data processing in seismic exploration and is a method for forming the wave-equation pre-stack depth migration of the angle gather of seismic migration. The method directly utilizes shot-domain migration results for generating the angle gather imaged by an underground reflecting interface by calculating the incident angle of a seismic source outgoing wave at an underground imaging point, and compensates the change of the nonuniform coverage of an observing system for amplitude. The angle gather directly corresponds to the parameter changes of physical properties of target layers and provides accurate angular-domain seismic reflecting strength for pre-stack inversion. The method has the core that because the incident angle of a seismic source wave field is determined by directly using a single-route wave algorithm, the method is better matched with a wave-equation migration method while avoiding the instability of a ray method. Compared with migration calculation, because only the simple-harmonic wave field of the single-route wave is utilized for the calculation of the incident angle, the metering amount in the method can be ignored. The method can be applied to two-dimensional and three-dimensional wave-equation pre-stack depth migration treatment and has an important application value in the explorations of oil gas resources and mineral resources.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of reflection seismic data processing in seismic exploration, relates to the technical category of pre-stack migration imaging and pre-stack inversion in the process of seismic data processing, and is a method for generating pre-stack migration for wave equation pre-stack depth migration Angle gather method. Background technique [0002] In the process of seismic data processing, pre-stack migration imaging is the most critical link. Its main task is to "focus" the reflected seismic signals recorded on the surface to the real location of the underground reflection. A common application of migration results is to superimpose the migration results of different shots or different offset distances to obtain superimposed sections, so as to obtain images of underground structures; and a more in-depth application is to use different shots or different offset distances Based on the migration results, the reflection...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G01V1/28G01V1/36
Inventor 张剑锋张辉刘礼农
Owner INST OF GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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