Self-adaptive hybrid MAC (Media Access Control) protocol of wireless sensor network

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive hybrid MAC (Media Access Control) protocol of a wireless sensor network, belonging to the technical field of wireless sensor networks. The self-adaptive hybrid MAC protocol of the wireless sensor network is technically characterized by comprising the following steps of: a synchronous algorithm based on sink node-backbone node-ordinary node graded rough synchronization and ondemand fine synchronization, a cross timeslot allocation algorithm used for solving the problem of fairness of the node access of a heterogeneous sensor in a network environment and based on a fixed time frame length, a burst data race transmission method based on a reserved timeslot block, a CSMA / CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Complex Arithmetic) algorithm based on service grade weighing retreat, a cross timeslot block allocation algorithm based on service grade weighing and a clock drifting influence offset method based on sending jitter and propagation delay protection. According to the self-adaptive hybrid MAC protocol, the integral energy consumption of the wireless sensor network can be reduced and the requirements for QoS (Quality of Service) of different service grades are met and a bran-new real-time data transmission solution scheme is provided for the application of the wireless sensor network with periodic event perception and event triggers perception.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a wireless sensor network adaptive hybrid MAC protocol, which belongs to the technical field of wireless sensor networks. Background technique [0002] As the interface between the real world and the digital world, wireless sensor networks have very broad application prospects in the fields of military, industry and agriculture, urban management, digital buildings, environmental monitoring, emergency rescue and disaster relief, and remote monitoring of dangerous areas. [0003] The MAC protocol is one of the key network protocols to ensure efficient communication in wireless sensor networks. It determines the use of wireless channels, allocates limited wireless channel resources among sensor nodes, and is used to build the underlying infrastructure of wireless sensor network systems. The performance of the sensor network has a very important impact. [0004] At present, there are mainly three types of MAC protocols in wireless...

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Problems solved by technology

The advantage is that the protocol is simple and scalable; the disadvantage is that there are problems such as collision, crosstalk, poor fairness and low channel utilization

The second type is a scheduling-based MAC protocol; its basic idea is to use a certain scheduling algorithm to enable each sensor node to access the channel for communication only in a given time period / sub-band / orthogonal code, and there are no nodes participating in the communication Enter the sleep state to save energy. Its main advantages are conflict-free communication, good duty cycle controllability, and high network energy efficiency. The disadvantages are poor scalability, high synchronization requirements, and high scheduling and maintenance overhead.

The main advantage of the protocol is that it is conducive to the global optimization of the network, but the disadvantage is that the algorithm is usually more complicated

[0005] The above existing wireless sensor network MAC protocols have the following common defects: cannot guarantee the real-time transmission of periodic sensing data and burst data at the same time; cannot guarantee the fairness of channel usage of heterogeneous sensor nodes; cannot meet the QoS of different service levels of heterogeneous sensors These problems lead to the inability of existing MAC protocols to adapt to complex applications in heterogeneous sensor networks where periodic event perception and event-driven perception coexist.

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