Spacecraft attitude and position measurement system and method based on X-ray pulsar

Abstract

The invention discloses a spacecraft attitude and position measurement system and method based on an X-ray pulsar. According to the system, a satellite-borne X-ray detector is matched with a collimator to acquire pulse arrival time and accurately acquire a pulsar radiation direction vector, and a geocentric direction vector is acquired by virtue of an infrared or ultraviolet horizon sensor; a navigational computer finishes a pulsar timing observation navigation algorithm, a pulsar positioning algorithm based on angular distance measurement and a pulsar fixed attitude algorithm based on angular distance measurement respectively under a geocentric coordinate system and acquires the position, speed, attitude and in-orbit movement direction of a spacecraft in real time through the several algorithms according to the pulse arrival time, the radiation direction vector and the geocentric direction vector, the autonomous navigation of an orbiting satellite is finished, and high-precision position, attitude and speed information is output. The system is applied to autonomous control on orbiting satellites or constellations of the earth or other planets.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of navigation technology, in particular to an X-ray pulsar-based spacecraft attitude and position measurement system and a method thereof, which are used to provide high-precision autonomous navigation and attitude measurement services for low-earth orbit spacecraft. Background technique [0002] X-ray pulsar navigation (XPNAV) is to update the navigation parameters such as spacecraft position, velocity, time and attitude by measuring the arrival time of X-ray photons radiated by pulsars and the angular position of pulsar images, and calculate the navigation process according to the arrival time of photons. The basic information of the pulse - time of arrival (TOA), using this information can calculate the position and velocity of the spacecraft, and correct the clock on the star. According to the position where the photons arrive at the spaceborne X-ray detector, the orientation information of the pulsar can be deter...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The present invention can also complete the measurement of the angle between the spacecraft pointing to the pulsar radiation vector and the horizon observation vector at the same time as the attitude measurement, so as to further perform pulsar positioning. This positioning method makes up for the shortcoming of poor accuracy of timing observation in spacecraft positioning

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