Extrusion method
A cellulose, solution technology, applied in the field of extrusion, can solve the problem of not providing pressure
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Embodiment 1
[0055] Example 1: Analysis of Conditions in the Air Gap
[0056] A spinning solution (cellulose: 12.9%, NMMO 76.3%, water 10.8%, all % is % by weight), wherein the cellulose (polymer) is dissolved in a concentrated solvent to form a polymer material. During this solution production process under negative pressure, NMMO, NMM (N-methylmorpholine = decomposition products of NMMO) and M (morpholine = decomposition products of NMMO and NMM, NMMO = N-methylmorpholine = NMMO morpholine-N-oxide), and water can be separated through the gas phase during the evaporation step.
[0057] The spinning process leads to expansion and evaporation caused by the extrusion of the spinning material, because the spinning material fed to the extrusion nozzle is under the appropriate conveying and extrusion pressure. The pressure is reduced to the ambient pressure of the system. Spinning pressures of up to 250 bar are commonly used in the spinning process, depending on the composition (cellulose co...
Embodiment 2
[0080] Example 2: Polymer swelling effect at different pressures
[0081] Flash evaporation of the spinning material occurs at the boiling point, at least for the aqueous content of the preheated spinning solution, due to the reduced pressure during the extrusion process.
[0082] Based on the test results it was assumed that at least some segregation or separation of the homogeneous mixed phase occurred at the surface of the polymer solution (extrudate surface) due to the pressure release caused by the swelling of the polymer during the spinning process. Formation of two heterogeneous mixed phases, in particular the formation of an extrudate core formed from a homogeneous mixture of cellulose / amine oxide / water and from enriched amine oxide and water (e.g. in the form of water of crystallization and / or with heat Water vapor mixed with decomposition products (from amine oxide = NMM (N-methylmorpholine, M = morpholine)) forms the surface of the extrudate. This segregation may c...
Embodiment 3
[0096] Embodiment 3: spinning equipment
[0097] NMMO spinning material consisting of a mixture of MoDo Crown Dissolving-DP510-550 and Sappi Saiccor DP560-580 type pulp is continuously produced according to the following composition: cellulose 12.9%, amine oxide (NMMO=N-methylmorpholine- N-oxide) 76.3%, water 10.8%.
[0098] The solution was produced after hydroenzymatic pretreatment and production of the suspension by evaporating off excess water under vacuum at a temperature of 97°C to 103°C in a continuous flow reactor. Known stabilizers were added to stabilize the NMMO / water solvent. Cellulose solutions are stabilized by propyl gallate in alkaline spinning materials and solvents, as known. For the safe production of solutions, it is advantageous to control the heavy metal ion content and the value of the cumulative parameter (metal ions and non-ferrous metal ions) does not exceed 10 ppm. Preferably, pulp with a cellulose alpha (alpha) content greater than 90% is used fo...
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