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A method for extracting gallium chloride and aluminum chloride from alunite ore
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A technology of alunite and gallium chloride, which is applied in the chemical industry, can solve the problems of low recovery rate, complex recovery process and high cost of gallium chloride, and achieve the effect of simple process
Inactive Publication Date: 2016-08-17
ZIJIN MINING GROUP
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[0003] At present, gallium is mainly extracted from the aluminum smelting industry at home and abroad. As a potential source of gallium and aluminum metals, alunite has long attracted the attention of relevant research at home and abroad. However, gallium chloride and aluminum chloride are currently recovered from alunite concentrate. The process is complicated, the cost is high, and the recovery rate is not high
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[0026] The preparation method of the gallium-rich compound specifically includes the following steps:
[0027] ① Roasting the alunite concentrate to obtain calcined sand, the roasting conditions are at a temperature of 550-650°C and a time of 0.5-3 hours;
[0028] ②Put the obtained calcine into sulfuric acid for leaching, separate the leached product from solid to liquid to obtain filtrate and filter residue respectively, and the filter residue is a gallium-rich substance enriched with gallium; the leaching conditions are: leaching temperature 60-95°C, leaching time 0.5 ~5 hours, the stirring speed is 100~300rpm, the sulfuric acid concentration is 40~90g / L, and the mass ratio of calcined sand: sulfuric acid is =3~9:1.
example 1
[0030] First, the gallium-rich material containing 0.4% gallium is dehydrated and roasted in a shaft furnace at a temperature of 500°C for 2 hours, and then the dehydrated calcined sand, charcoal, and sodium chloride are mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 50:1:1. Put it in a shaft furnace at a temperature of 500°C for chlorination and roasting for 2 hours, then oscillate and separate the volatiles in a solid-liquid vibrating stratifier at a temperature of 79°C to obtain liquid GaCl 3 , solid AlCl 3 product.
[0031] Conclusion: Liquid GaCl 3 The recovery rate of 91.3%, solid AlCl 3 The recovery rate was 92%.
example 2
[0033] First, the gallium-rich material containing 5.0% gallium is dehydrated and roasted in a multi-furnace at a temperature of 600°C for 1 hour, and then the dehydrated calcine, coal, and potassium chloride are mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 10:1:1. Put it in a multi-furnace and chlorinate and roast for 0.5 hours at a temperature of 800°C, then oscillate and separate the volatiles in a solid-liquid vibrating stratifier at a temperature of 180°C to obtain liquid GaCl 3 , solid AlCl 3 product.
[0034] Conclusion: Liquid GaCl 3 The recovery rate of 96%, solid AlCl 3 The recovery rate was 97%.
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for extracting gallium chloride and aluminium chloride from alunite ore, which comprises the following steps: 1)roasting the alunite ore to obtain calcine; 2)placing the calcine in sulfuric acid for leaching, performing solid-liquid separation of the leached products to respectively obtain a filtrate and filter residue, wherein the filter residue is gallium-rich substance; 3)dehydrating the gallium-rich substance and then roasting; 4)mixing the gallium-rich substance after dehydrating and roasting with chlorine salt and a reducing agent according to certain proportion, and then chloridizing and roasting under certain temperature, collecting to obtain gaseous state GaCl3 and AlCl3 volatile matter; 5)cooling the volatile matter to 79-180 DEG C, respectively liquefying and condensing gaseous state GaCl3 and AlCl3 volatile matter to obtain liquid state GaCl3 and solid state AlCl3 mixture; and 6)performing solid-liquid separation to respectively obtain liquid state GaCl3 and solid state AlCl3. The method has the advantages of low cost, simple process and good comprehensive recovery effect.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical industry, in particular to a method for extracting gallium chloride and aluminum chloride from alunite ore. Background technique [0002] Gallium is an important scattered metal, and it is also listed as a strategic metal by my country and other countries in the world. Gallium is mainly used in electronics, chemical and other industries. Gallium chloride is a material used in spectral reagents, catalysts and other important scientific research reagents and biochemical research. Aluminum chloride is an important catalyst in the chemical industry. [0003] At present, gallium is mainly extracted from the aluminum smelting industry at home and abroad. As a potential source of gallium and aluminum metals, alunite has long attracted the attention of relevant research at home and abroad. However, gallium chloride and aluminum chloride are currently recovered from alunite concentrate. The process is c...
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