Implementation method of fast reactor type coupled nuclear reaction and nuclear reactor thereof

Abstract

Disclosed are an implementation method for a fast reactor type coupled nuclear reaction, a nuclear reactor and a fuel element therefor. A main reactor vessel of the nuclear reactor comprises a fission pool (201) and a moderation pool (301) which are completely isolated from each other but coupled with each other, a reactor core (250) with fast neutron characteristics is arranged in the fission pool (201), moderator is arranged in the moderation pool (301), primary coolant is separated from the moderator, and the primary coolant passes through the fission pool (201) rather than the moderation pool (301); and a heat insulation layer is arranged between the fission pool (201) and the moderation pool (301) to block the heat exchange therebetween. Neutrons are allowed to pass through between the fission pool (201) and the moderation pool (301), so that the fission pool (201) and the moderation pool (301) can perform neutron exchange and a coupled nuclear reaction, fast neutrons produced by the reactor core (250) and moderated neutrons reflected into the fission pool (201) from the moderation pool (301) can make the reactor core (250) simultaneously perform coupled nuclear reactions induced by the fast neutrons and the moderated neutrons, thermal neutron nuclear reaction can take place in the moderation pool (301), and the moderation pool (301) can be provided with a nuclear control system and can implement ex-core coupled nuclear control. Because the moderation pool (301) of the fast reactor type coupled nuclear reactor is provided with a thorium breeding fuel system, bred fuel can be extracted on line, nuclear element separation is safe and simple, and a solution is provided for the bottleneck of the thorium reactor technology.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to nuclear fission reactors and methods of operation thereof. Background technique [0002] There are two groups of U-238 / Pu-239 and Th-232 / U-233 known to be available on the earth for heavy nuclear fission nuclide conversion combinations, and the corresponding main nuclear materials are: the former corresponds to natural uranium, nuclear waste (including depleted uranium), which corresponds to thorium. In addition to nuclear fusion energy, it is known that the energy contained in thorium and uranium on the earth is much greater than the sum of other mineral energy reserves, of which thorium reserves are 4 times larger than uranium. If fast reactors are used, the utilization rate of nuclear fuel can be increased to 60-70%. Optimistic estimates believe that the globally available thorium and uranium resources can maintain all the energy needs of human beings for more than 20,000 years. However, the fuel utilization rate o...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Can fast neutron cores perform fast-thermal neutron coupled nuclear reactions? Can the moderator be isolated from the fast neutron core? Is it possible to unbind the moderator and coolant functions? Can a moderator be used outside the core to improve the nuclear reaction efficiency of a fast reactor? Is it possible to reduce the physical conditions inside the nuclear reactor vessel and implement on-line extraction of breeding fuel? So far, there is no relevant literature on the use of moderators in fast reactors or fast-thermal neutron coupled nuclear reactors with fast neutron cores as the main body

Images