Screw-propelling external-heating type coal dry distillation device

Abstract

The invention provides a screw-propelling external-heating type coal dry distillation device. The device comprises a heating chamber, dry distillation chambers, a spiral conveying device, a pyrolysis gas collection device, a bearing supporting base, a material feeding and discharging mechanism and a drive device, wherein the pyrolysis gas collection device is communicated with the dry distillation chambers , the heated part of each dry distillation chamber is located in the heating chamber, the dry distillation chambers are isolated from the heating chamber, the material feeding and discharging mechanism is connected with the dry distillation chambers, the spiral conveying device is arranged in the dry distillation chambers, the end of the spiral conveying device is supported by the bearing supporting base, the drive device is connected to the end of the spiral conveying device, a smoke exhaust channel is arranged in the spiral conveying device, and the heating chamber is communicated with the smoke exhaust channel. A spiral propelling mechanism is adopted for propelling of raw coal, multiple dry distillation chambers are connected in the same sealed heating chamber in parallel, combustion smoke is introduced into a raw material propelling device to realize recycling of heat energy, the raw coal propelling problem in dry distillation of coal is solved, the dry distillation heating efficiency is improved, and the device has the advantages that coal is uniformly heated in the dry distillation process, the heating efficiency is high, the yield of tar is high and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to coal dry distillation technology, in particular to a screw propulsion material external heating type coal dry distillation device, which belongs to the technical field of pulverized coal medium and low temperature dry distillation. Background technique [0002] Pulverized coal dry distillation technology, also known as coal dry distillation or coal pyrolysis, refers to the process of heating coal under air-isolated conditions to evaporate the tar and gas in the coal to obtain tar, gas, and semi-coke. This technology was first produced in the 19th century and originated in Germany. At the beginning of its invention, it was mainly used to produce coal tar, and also used to produce coke and fuel gas for ironmaking. Due to the high energy conversion rate of this technology, it has always been recognized at home and abroad. It is the third coal conversion technology alongside coal gasification and coal liquefaction, and it is also t...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, as far as the current situation is concerned, the industrialization of coal carbonization in China is still in its infancy, and most of them use vertical block coal pyrolysis furnaces. There are serious problems in the process of carbonization, such as the low calorific value of raw coal gas generated during carbonization, Atmospheric pressure or slightly positive pressure is a common problem

At present, domestic coal carbonization has the advantage of industrialization based on external heat coal carbonization technology, that is, the coal carbonization process is separated from the heating process, and the main issues affecting the efficiency of external thermal coal carbonization are the coal propulsion method and heating efficiency. At present, most raw coal propulsion methods in external heating coal carbonization equipment are gravity propulsion based on vertical furnaces, crawler conveyor propulsion, furnace body rolling propulsion, etc. These raw coal propulsion methods have relatively large industrialization defects in actual use. For example, based on the vertical furnace gravity propulsion and furnace body rolling propulsion technology, the equipment volume of the retort furnace cannot be made too large, which directly limits the pyrolysis output of coal, and the crawler conveying propulsion will cause the equipment structure to be complicated and sealed. With the increase of difficulty and the increase of equipment failure rate, the raw coal propulsion method in the existing coal pyrolysis technology generally has relatively large defects

Improving the heating efficiency has always been the key factor to be considered in the external thermal coal carbonization technology. In the prior art, the heating efficiency in pyrolysis and the coal propulsion method are generally not considered in combination.

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