Low-noise single-photon detection chip and system based on standard integrated circuit technology

Abstract

The invention provides a low-noise single-photon detection chip and system based on a standard integrated circuit technology. The low-noise single-photon detection system is characterized by being composed of a light source 1, a bias circuit 2, a single-photon detection chip 3 and a signal processing system 4, wherein the single-photon detection chip 3 is composed of a single-photon avalanche diode 31 which operates in a normal mode, a single-photon avalanche diode 32 which operates in a dark environment, and an avalanche event detection circuit array 33. The low-noise single-photon detectionchip and system can be used for measuring extremely weak light, and can be widely applied to the fields of laser radars, DNA sequencing, quantum key distribution, medical imaging and the like.

Description

[0001] (1) Technical field [0002] The invention relates to a low-noise single-photon detection chip and system based on standard integrated circuit technology, which can be used for the detection of extremely weak light such as laser radar, DNA sequencing, quantum key distribution and medical imaging, and belongs to the field of photoelectric detection technology. [0003] (2) Background technology [0004] Single photon detection technology is a kind of photoelectric detection technology. The principle is to use the photoelectric effect to count the incident single photons to realize the detection of extremely weak signals. It is at the heart of extremely low-light measurements such as laser ranging, DNA sequencing, quantum key distribution, lidar, and medical imaging. With the advancement of semiconductor process technology and the improvement of integrated circuit design level, standard integrated circuit technology is used to design single photon avalanche diode (Single P...

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Problems solved by technology

The disadvantages of these designs are: 1. The described system can only be used for single-photon avalanche diodes operating in the gated mode, and single-photon detectors operating in the gated mode are used in applications where the arrival time of the signal photon is unknown, such as light In intensity detection, distance detection, laser radar and fiber optic time domain reflectometer, it is easy to cause the loss of effective photon count, resulting in system detection error; 2. The described system is only suitable for a single single photon avalanche diode, if it needs to be used for single The avalanche diode array needs to design related systems for each single photon avalanche diode in the array, which greatly increases the volume and complexity of the single photon avalanche diode array system, and reduces the detection efficiency of the detector system; The matching capacitive module (or PIN photodetector) of the avalanche diode is not on the same chip as the single photon avalanche diode. The internal equivalent parameters (capacitance, resistance, etc.) will also change, which will cause the single photon avalanche diode to fail to match the equivalent module (capacitance or PIN photodetector) used, causing system errors

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