Method for balancing node energy consumption of wireless sensor network based on Huffman tree

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for balancing node energy consumption of a wireless sensor network based on a Huffman tree, and relates to the field of wireless sensor networks. According to the method, the phenomenon that electrons with different energy levels are distributed in atoms in a layered manner is analogous; a Huffman tree electric quantity layering model is provided; according to different residual electric quantity of each node, nodes with different electric quantities are divided into different levels by constructing a Huffman tree; the node at the lowest level has relatively minimum electric quantity, and then for the node at each level, the node which is the shortest to the node and can be directly connected is selected from the nodes at the upper level in sequence from left to right to serve as a father node for data forwarding, so that the node with more electric quantity undertakes more tasks. The invention relates to the field of wireless sensor networks, relievesthe imbalance of the power consumption speed of nodes, enables the remaining nodes with less power to be used for a longer time, and further prolongs the life cycle of the whole wireless sensor network.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of wireless sensor networks, in particular to a method for balancing energy consumption of wireless sensor network nodes based on a Huffman tree. Background technique [0002] Wireless sensor networks perceive the environment through a large number of sensor nodes and obtain data. Most of the current sensor nodes communicate in a multi-hop manner, that is, the data of the node is forwarded through some adjacent nodes, and finally the data is sent to the management node, which can be processed or sent to the server for processing. [0003] Sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks have self-organization capabilities, but there are some problems in actual use: [0004] Sensor nodes are different from management nodes with stable power supply. Because they need to be scattered in the environment to obtain data, they are mainly powered by their own batteries and have limited battery energy. When the power is exhausted, they will s...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Different from management nodes with stable power supply, sensor nodes need to be scattered in the environment to obtain data, mainly rely on their own battery power supply, and the battery energy is limited. When the battery is exhausted, it will stop working and affect the perception and data forwarding of the entire wireless sensor network. , and it is complicated to replace the battery;

[0005] Some nodes in the wireless sensor network have less location-aware data or undertake fewer data forwarding tasks, and their power consumption is slower than other nodes. During the working process of the wireless sensor network, the power consumption speed of different nodes is unbalanced;

[0006] The communication capability of the sensor node is limited, so the multi-hop method is generally used for long-distance communication, but it also brings the problem of energy hole (energy hole), that is, compared with other nodes, the power of one node is too frequent due to data forwarding or sensing data. The problem of node stop working caused by exhaustion, if a node stops working, an energy hole will be generated, and the wireless sensor network will lose the ability to perceive the area where the node is located, shortening the usable life cycle of the entire network, but other nodes There may still be a lot of remaining power that has not been fully utilized, resulting in a waste of resources;

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