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Silicon-carbon composite material and its preparation method, negative electrode, power battery and electric vehicle

A technology of silicon-carbon composite materials and carbon materials, which is applied in the field of materials, can solve the problems of power battery capacity attenuation, silicon-carbon composite material structure damage, and needs to be improved.

Active Publication Date: 2022-05-27
SVOLT ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, carbon nanotubes, the carbon material commonly used in silicon-carbon composite materials, are easy to entangle and agglomerate due to their high specific surface area and high aspect ratio, so that nano-silicon particles cannot be evenly distributed in carbon nanotubes. In the conductive framework, it is not conducive to the electrochemical performance of silicon-carbon composites
Secondly, there is also a serious interface effect between the nano-silicon particles and the solid-state electrolyte. The gap between the pores of the particles and the aforementioned two will seriously inhibit the diffusion of lithium ions and affect the performance of the battery.
Thirdly, due to the stress generated by the nano-silicon particles during the lithiation process, the nano-silicon particles are mechanically pulverized, resulting in the destruction of the structure of the silicon-carbon composite material, which leads to the collapse of the conductive network and the rapid decline in the capacity of the power battery; multiple times, The volume expansion of nano-silicon particles will cause the contact surface between nano-silicon particles and the electrolyte to change continuously, making the SEI film on the surface of the silicon-carbon composite material very unstable, reducing the Coulombic efficiency, and consuming the electrolyte, resulting in poor cycle performance of the power battery. Poor; Finally, the electronic conductivity and ionic conductivity of nano-silicon particles are low, which will make the rate performance of the power battery poor
[0003] Therefore, the related technologies of existing silicon-carbon composite materials still need to be improved.

Method used

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  • Silicon-carbon composite material and its preparation method, negative electrode, power battery and electric vehicle
  • Silicon-carbon composite material and its preparation method, negative electrode, power battery and electric vehicle
  • Silicon-carbon composite material and its preparation method, negative electrode, power battery and electric vehicle

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0081] Method for preparing silicon carbon composite material

[0082] Disperse 0.3g of single-walled carbon nanotubes into 500mL of deionized water to form a homogeneous solution; then add 2.0g of nano-silicon particles and 0.5g of oxide solid electrolyte LLZTO to the homogeneous solution, stir well and high-energy Ultrasonic dispersion was carried out for 2 hours to obtain a first dispersion; the first dispersion was spray-dried to obtain a first prefab; and then the first prefab was calcined at 900° C. for 2 hours in an argon atmosphere to obtain Core (for SEM photos see image 3 ).

[0083] Disperse 0.1 g of single-walled carbon nanotubes in 300 mL of deionized water to form a homogeneous solution; then add 2.0 g of the aforementioned core, 0.2 g of oxide solid electrolyte LLZTO to the homogeneous solution, and fully Stir and disperse by high-energy ultrasonic for 2 hours to obtain a second dispersion; spray-dry the second dispersion to obtain a second preform; and then ...

Embodiment 2

[0086] Method for preparing silicon carbon composite material

[0087]Disperse 0.3g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes into 500mL of tetrahydrofuran to form a homogeneous solution; then add 2.0g of nano-silicon particles and 0.5g of oxide solid electrolyte LLZO to the homogeneous solution, stir well and ultrasonically Dispersing for 2 hours to obtain a first dispersion; subjecting the first dispersion to spray drying to obtain a first prefab; and then calcining the first prefab at 900° C. for 2 hours in an argon atmosphere to obtain a nucleus core.

[0088] Disperse 0.1 g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes into 300 mL of tetrahydrofuran to form a homogeneous solution; then add 2.0 g of the aforementioned core and 0.2 g of oxide solid electrolyte LLZO to the homogeneous solution, and stir well And high-energy ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours to obtain a second dispersion; spray drying the second dispersion to obtain a second prefab; and then calcining the second prefab at 900°C f...

Embodiment 3

[0091] Method for preparing silicon carbon composite material

[0092] Disperse 0.3g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in 600mL of toluene to form a uniform solution; then add 2.0g of nano-silica particles and 0.5g of sulfide solid electrolyte LGPS to the uniform solution, stir well and High-energy ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 2 hours to obtain a first dispersion; the first dispersion was spray-dried to obtain a first prefab; and the first prefab was calcined at 900°C for 2 hours in an argon atmosphere, get the core.

[0093] Disperse 0.1 g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes into 300 mL of toluene to form a homogeneous solution; then add 2.0 g of the aforementioned core and 0.2 g of sulfide solid state electrolyte LGPS to the homogeneous solution, and stir well. And high-energy ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours to obtain a second dispersion; spray drying the second dispersion to obtain a second prefab; and then calcining the second prefab at 900°C for 2 hours in an ar...

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Abstract

The invention provides a silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation method thereof, a negative electrode, a power battery and an electric vehicle. The silicon-carbon composite material is a core-shell structure microsphere, the core-shell structure microsphere has a core and a shell, and the shell covers the core, wherein the core includes a solid electrolyte, a linear Silicon-containing nanoparticles covered by the first carbon material and the second carbon material; the shell layer includes the solid electrolyte covered by the first carbon material and the second carbon material. The silicon-carbon composite material has good electrical conductivity, high capacity, good rate performance, is not easy to expand, is not easy to pulverize, has strong stability and good cycle performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular, to a silicon carbon composite material and a preparation method thereof, a negative electrode, a power battery and an electric vehicle. Background technique [0002] In the related art, silicon-carbon composite materials are mainly prepared by mechanical ball milling or chemical vapor deposition technology, thermal magnesium reduction and other chemical methods. However, first of all, carbon nanotubes, a commonly used carbon material in silicon-carbon composites, are easy to entangle and agglomerate due to their high specific surface area and high aspect ratio, so that nano-silicon particles cannot be uniformly distributed in carbon nanotubes. In the conductive skeleton, it is not conducive to the development of the electrochemical performance of silicon-carbon composites. Secondly, there is also a serious interface effect between the nano-silicon particles and the solid electro...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/362H01M4/386H01M4/625H01M10/0525H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 段瑞杰马忠龙邓素祥蔡挺威赵晓宁邵玲
Owner SVOLT ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD