High-power and large-diameter broadband millimeter-wave air-fed phased array radar system and imaging method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-power and large-diameter broadband millimeter-wave air-fed phased array radar system and an imaging method, which are applied to the field of millimeter-wave phased array radar, and are not equipped with a large-scale electronic beam for the existing high-power millimeter-wave radar system. To solve the technical problems of scanning capability and simultaneous multi-target observation capability, the radar system antenna array of the present invention adopts a space-feeding method to feed power, thereby reducing antenna loss, improving aperture efficiency, and reducing the realization difficulty of large-scale phased array antennas; The broadband space-fed phased array radar system of the frequency signal reduces the instantaneous working bandwidth of the radar system, makes the antenna beam of the phased array have a large electronic scanning range, and obtains the accurate signal through the broadband synthesis processing of the stepped frequency echo pulse. The distance to the target is high resolution.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of millimeter-wave phased array radar, and particularly relates to a millimeter-wave air-fed phased array radar technology for remote target observation and imaging. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of aerospace science and technology and the increasing frequency of manned spaceflight activities, the need to observe the activities and states of cosmic celestial bodies such as spacecraft, space debris and meteorites in orbital space from the ground is more and more urgent, and the performance requirements are becoming more and more urgent. higher. Compared with optical systems, radar has the advantages of all-weather, all-weather, large observation range, and can realize various functions such as detection, tracking, precise measurement and radar imaging. In particular, the millimeter-wave radar system has a high operating frequency, can provide a large bandwidth, can perform high-precision par...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Typical space observation applications require millimeter-wave radars to be able to provide at least hundreds of kilowatts (kW) to megawatts (MW) of peak transmit power, several gigahertz (GHz) level of signal bandwidth, large-diameter antennas above the meter level, and large Space coverage and the ability to observe multiple targets at the same time, these requirements have brought strict restrictions and great challenges to the existing millimeter-wave radar technology, and its system design and implementation

Limited by the technical level of millimeter-wave solid-state power devices, the cost of large-caliber solid-state phased arrays is huge, and the power and operating distance are difficult to meet the requirements. The existing high-power millimeter-wave radar systems mainly use high-power centralized electric vacuum transmitters plus mechanical scanning The way the antenna is constructed

For example, the American MMW radar (MillimeterWave Radar, literature "J.J. Stambaugh, R.K.Lee, and W.H. Cantrell. The 4GHz BandwidthMillimeter-Wave Radar [J]. Lincoln Laboratory Journal, vol.19, no.2, 2012, pp.64- 76.") and HUSIR radar (Haystack Ultrawideband Satellite Imaging Radar, document "M.G.Czerwinski and J.M.Usoff.Development of the Haystack Ultrawideband Satellite Imaging Radar[J].Lincoln Laboratory Journal, vol.21, no.1, 2014, pp.28 -44.") respectively using high-power traveling wave tube and gyro-klystron + large-diameter parabolic antenna, the mechanical scanning rate is low, and they can only observe a single space target; while the Russian RUZA radar uses high-power gyro Construction of klystron + large-aperture millimeter-wave phased array (literature "A.A.Tolkachev, and B.A.Levitan, et al.A megawattpower millimeter-wave phased-array radar [J]. IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, vol.15, no.7, 2000, pp.25-31.), but the electronic scanning range of its antenna beam is very narrow (no more than 0.85°), and the large-scale scanning of space (within ±135° in azimuth, 0°~180° in elevation Internal) is still realized by mechanical scanning, so there are disadvantages such as low radar data rate and small number of targets that can be observed simultaneously

Therefore, although these radars have large antenna apertures and large instantaneous operating bandwidths, they do not have the ability to scan a wide range of electronic beams and observe multiple targets at the same time, so they cannot complete space observation tasks well.

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