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Artificial environment for efficient uptate of fertilizers and other agrochemicals in soil

a technology of agrochemicals and soil, applied in the direction of biocide, plant growth regulators, animal husbandry, etc., can solve the problems of poor agrochemical use efficiency of plants, many soils and climates are not suitable for growing crops, and excessive application of agrochemicals has adverse effects on the environment, so as to reduce environmental damage and minimize exposure to agrochemicals

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-02-11
ADAMA MAKHTESHIM LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0016]The invention provides a method of reducing environmental damage caused by an agrochemical, comprising delivering the agrochemical to the root of a plant by adding at least one unit of the invention to the medium of the plant.
[0017]The present invention provides a method of minimizing exposure to an agrochemical, comprising delivering the agrochemical to the root of a plant by adding at least one unit of the invention to the medium of the plant.
[0021]The present invention provides a method of increasing the growth rate of a plant, comprising (i) adding one or more units of the invention to a medium where the plant is growing or is to be grown, and (ii) growing the plant, wherein the plant grows faster in the medium containing the units than in the medium not containing the units.

Problems solved by technology

Current practices and technologies yield poor agrochemical use efficiency by plants due to over application (up to 50%) (Shaviv and Mikkelsen 1993).
Excessive application of agrochemicals has adverse effects on the environment and is costly for farmers (Shaviv and Mikkelsen 1993).
Additionally, many soils and climates are not suitable for growing crops (Habarurema and Steiner, 1997; Nicholson and Farrar, 1994).

Method used

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  • Artificial environment for efficient uptate of fertilizers and other agrochemicals in soil
  • Artificial environment for efficient uptate of fertilizers and other agrochemicals in soil
  • Artificial environment for efficient uptate of fertilizers and other agrochemicals in soil

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

The External Zone

[0540]Four specific criteria were defined as the following, where each condition was tested experimentally:[0541]Mechanical resistance—maintain shape and geometry in the soil[0542]Swelling cycles—hydrate and dehydrate in corresponds to soil water content[0543]Oxygen permeability—maintain sufficient oxygen level to root activity[0544]Root penetration—allows the growth of root into it.

[0545]Mechanical resistance was tested by flushing water throughout a container filled with SAP and sand soil, Initial, final weights and dimensions were recorded. A pass mark was accepted for SAP that maintains a single element and didn't wash away or split into several parts. Three groups of SAP were synthesized and tested:

SAPsGroupPoly sugarSemi syntheticFully syntheticTypeAlginateCMC-g-poly (acrylic acid) / CeliteAcryliccomposite system CarboxymethylAcid / Acrylcellulose grafted polyacrylics acidAmidewith Celite as a filler.k-Carrageenan poly(acrylicacid)SAP

[0546]Each type of SAP was for...

example 2

The Internal zone

[0561]Three mechanisms were developed and evaluated to address the criteria of i) release rate of agrochemicals from the internal zone over a growing season, and ii) that no input residuals remain at the end of a predetermined action period. All the three, are based on integrating the input into a very dense polymer as the basic mechanism to slow down diffusion, in conjunction to a secondary mechanism that will additionally decrease the diffusion rate:[0562]1) Highly Cross Linked Polymer with silicon coating (xLP-Si);[0563]2) Highly Cross linked Poly Acrylic / poly sugar with filler (xLP-F); and[0564]3) Hybrid system (SiCLP-).

[0565]The first mechanism is based on precipitation of silica, originated from silica water, on the surface of the polymer (FIG. 4).

[0566]The second mechanism is based on filler, made from bentonite, integrated into the polymer and decreases sharply its diffusion properties (FIG. 6).

[0567]The third mechanism is to mix the silica with the acrylic ...

example 3

Stability, Dimensions, and Mechanical Resistance of Hydrogels Applied to a Field Plot

Objective

[0571]The objective of this example was to study the sustainability in soil, hydrated dimensions and mechanical resistance of different types and sizes of hydrogel within a field plot. Furthermore, root penetration into these types of hydrogels was studied.

Hydrogels

[0572]The types and sizes of hydrogels are described in Table 3 below:

SmallMediumLarge(hydrated(hydrated size(hydrated sizeNo.Chemical compositionsize of 2-3 cm)of 4-5 cm)of 7-8 cm)Geometry1Fully synthetic+Box2Semisynthetic CMC 6%+++Cylinder / Box / CylinderAAm3Semisynthetic CMC 6% AA+Box4Semisynthetic CMC 25%+BoxAA5Semisynthetic CMC 50%+++Cylinder / Box / CylinderAA6Polysugars Alginate+Cylinder

[0573]The fully synthetic hydrogel had the composition of the fully synthetic hydrogel described in Example 1.

[0574]The semisynthetic CMC 6% AAm hydrogel comprises 6% CMC relative to the acrylic acid monomers (Acrylamide-acrylic) and was made by t...

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Abstract

A unit for delivery of agrochemicals to the roots of a plant comprising one or more root development zones, and one or more agrochemical zones containing at least one agrochemical, wherein the agrochemical zones are formulated to release the at least one agrochemical into the root development zones in a controlled release manner when the root development zones are hydrated, and wherein the weight ratio of the root development zones to the agrochemical zones in a dry unit is 0.05:1 to 0.32:1.

Description

[0001]This application claims priority of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61 / 793,697, filed Mar. 15, 2013, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.[0002]Throughout this application, various publications are referenced, including referenced in parenthesis. Full citations for publications referenced in parenthesis may be found listed at the end of the specification immediately preceding the claims. The disclosures of all referenced publications in their entireties are hereby incorporated by reference into this application in order to more fully describe the state of the art to which this invention pertains.BACKGROUND OF INVENTION[0003]Current practices and technologies yield poor agrochemical use efficiency by plants due to over application (up to 50%) (Shaviv and Mikkelsen 1993). Excessive application of agrochemicals has adverse effects on the environment and is costly for farmers (Shaviv and Mikkelsen 1993). Additionally, many soils and climates ar...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A01G1/00A01N25/04C05G3/70C05G3/80
CPCA01N25/04A01G1/001A01N25/26C05G5/37C05G3/80A01G29/00C05G3/70
Inventor SHANI, URIVITNER, ASHERBEN-MOSHE, MATTISEGAL, ERAN
Owner ADAMA MAKHTESHIM LTD
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