Firefighting foam compositions containing deep eutectic solvents

a firefighting foam and solvent technology, applied in the field of biocompatible firefighting foam compositions, can solve the problems of long half-life of chemicals in the environment, restricted use, and complete ban of foams containing perfluorochemicals

Active Publication Date: 2019-08-29
TYCO FIRE PRODS LP
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0011]One embodiment is a firefighting foam composition including a deep eutectic solvent and one or more additional firefighting foam components dissolved or dispersed in the deep eutectic solvent.

Problems solved by technology

However, the negative environmental impact of foams including perfluorochemicals has been recognized resulting in restricted use or a complete ban of foams containing perfluorochemicals in certain countries.
The environmental impact of foams including perfluorochemicals results from the long half-life of these chemicals in the environment.
These chemicals may also accumulate in the liver of mammals and demonstrate acute toxicity.
With the higher loadings of polysaccharide materials many commercially available firefighting foams are un-stable and separate diminishing, eliminated, or increase the hazards instead of acting as a useful fire protection product.
Yet, it has been nearly impossible to find solvents that are both useful as components of firefighting foams and that fall into the category of non-toxic, non-flammable, and non-corrosive materials.
During this routine testing a significant amount of waste firefighting foam materials is produced, which can result in environmental damage for the forgoing reasons.
These tests can require that the toxic foam waste discharged during a test must be contained and transported to a hazardous waste containment facility for treatment, which is a costly process.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Exemplary All Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for Use in Fire Foam Compositions

[0146]Exemplary natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) for use in firefighting foam compositions described herein including a natural deep eutectic solvent ternary mixture of fructose, glucose, and sucrose or a binary mixture of sucrose and fructose were generated (Table 4). These NADES compositions were prepared by mixing the individual components in a beaker with small amounts of water. After a liquid mixture was obtained, the water was evaporated resulting in the final NADES mixture.

TABLE 4Exemplary Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent MixtureF1F2Ingredients(Wt %)(Wt %)Glucose26—Fructose2634Sucrose4966Total100100

example 2

Exemplary All Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent Fire Foam Compositions

[0147]Exemplary firefighting foam compositions including a natural deep eutectic solvent ternary mixture of fructose, glucose, and sucrose according to formulation F1 of Table 4 were generated as shown in Table 5.

TABLE 5Exemplary All Natural Deep EutecticSolvent Fire Foam CompositionBT GumNADES F1Q-Naturale ®WaterRecipe(%)(%)(%)(%)10.720574.320.730564.330.740554.340.750544.350.760534.3

example 3

Exemplary AFFF All Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent Fire Foam Compositions

[0148]Exemplary firefighting foam compositions including a natural deep eutectic solvent binary mixture of sucrose and fructose according to Table 4 were generated. This NADES composition was then used in several AFFF fire foam compositions according to Table 6.

[0149]To maximize performance and mimic a traditional 3% AFFF the following three recipes were generated focusing on foam performance through expansion and drain time (DT) as shown in Table 6. These foams were then tested in a blender foam quality test where 100 grams of the prepared premix (3% diluted in 97% water) was mixed in a blender on low for 60 seconds and then poured out into a graduated cylinder and the results were recorded. These foams were then tested using the NRL nozzle test, which is defined by the military standard for approving AFFF products (MIL-F243858 qualification test); those results are listed in Table 6. In these formulations, the ...

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PUM

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Abstract

The disclosed invention relates to novel biocompatible firefighting foam compositions that include a deep eutectic solvent. Disclosed are methods of making and using firefighting foams containing deep eutectic solvents, which may also be used in existing fire foam compositions as drop in solvent additives. The deep eutectic solvents may also be used in or as a principle component of surrogate firefighting foam compositions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD[0001]The disclosed invention relates to novel biocompatible firefighting foam compositions that include a deep eutectic solvent. Disclosed are methods of making and using firefighting foams containing deep eutectic solvents, which may also be used in existing fire foam compositions as drop in solvent additives. The deep eutectic solvents may also be used in or as a principle component of surrogate firefighting foam compositions.BACKGROUND INFORMATION[0002]Conventional firefighting foam materials are prepared by aerating or trapping air within a concentrated foaming composition. These foams are typically prepared from concentrates by diluting with water and aerating the mixture to form foam. These foams are then dispensed onto a fire, which forms a thick foam blanket that suffocates and extinguishes a fire by reducing oxygen availability.[0003]An important class of firefighting foams includes aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs). An important characteristic of these fir...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A62D1/02
CPCA62D1/0071
Inventor HAVELKA-RIVARD, PAMELABARKER, STEPHEN A.SIEM, MARK ADAM-CHRISTOPHER
Owner TYCO FIRE PRODS LP
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