Method for treating lignocellulosic material

Abstract

A method for heat treating lignocellulosic material with a water-soluble preservative, such as preferably borate, involves the modification of the lignocellulosic material by heat to a moisture content of 0 to 5%, and preferably as close as possible to 0%. The thermo-treatment of the lignocellulosic material drives out not only free extra cellular water but also the intercellular and intracellular water. The process of modification by heat effectively kills the cells, permanently altering their cellular structure, and locking or fixing the preservative in the lignocellulosic material so that the water-soluble preservative does not leach out of the treated lignocellulosic material in the presence of rain water.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) from U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60 / 587,876 entitled METHOD FOR TREATING LIGNOCELLUSIC MATERIAL filed on Jul. 15, 2004.TECHNICAL FIELD[0002]The present invention relates to methods for treating wood and, more specifically, to methods for treating wood with borate or other water-soluble preservatives.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Unprotected wood structures are susceptible to degradation by fungi and insects such as termites, which can cause substantial damage to wood building structures. Property damage in US alone is estimated to be in the neighborhood of 1 billion dollars a year. Various processes and chemicals have been used to treat wood to protect it from insect degradation. For example, preservatives, such as Copper Chrome Arsenate (CCA), ACC, ACQ and borate, have been impregnated in wood by a variety of processes. One popular method of integr...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0006]According to an aspect of the present invention green or dry wood can be treated with a preservative by placing the wood in an environment of aqueous vapor containing the preservative such as a salt soluble in water. In an embodiment of the invention heat is applied to the wood therefore favoring the penetration of the water soluble salt preservative in the wood. The extent of wood treatment can be achieved by controlling the concentration of the salt and the dryness of the wood. The invention provides also a method for treating wood which enhances fixation (or “locking” or “fixing”) of the borate or other water-soluble preservatives in the wood. By locking or fixing the water-soluble preservative within the wood, the preservative is prevented from leaching out of the wood, which makes the wood particularly useful in outdoor applications where it is exposed to rain. Since the preservative is inhibited from leaching out of the wood when exposed to water, the wood is therefore substantially permanently protected from wood-destroying fungi and insects such as termites.

[0011]After the modification of the wood structure by heat, the wood may reabsorb some of ambient moisture, and accordingly wood modified by heat (“thermo-modified”) may ultimately have moisture content between 3% and 5%. Even if the moisture content, after the modification by heat, rises toward 5%, the process of modification of the wood structure by heat has permanently altered the cellular structure of the wood and therefore the preservative is already permanently locked or fixed in the wood, thus preventing leaching out of the preservative. Re-humidification of the wood treated by modification of the wood structure by heat does not lead to leaching, unlike the prior-art drying methods which are susceptible to diffusion due to re-absorption of water in the wood.

Problems solved by technology

The modification of the wood structure by heat in this manner effectively altered the cells structure in the wood, permanently changing their cellular structure, and thus causing any preservative which has diffused into the wood to become locked or fixed within the wood.