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Medical implant
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A technology of implants and polymers, applied in the field of medical implants, can solve the problems of bone damage, impossibility of taking out implants again, small heat capacity, etc.
Active Publication Date: 2014-06-11
SYNERGY BIOSURGICAL
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However, these techniques have the disadvantage that warming by an external heat source - as in a thermal cementation gun - means that the implant must be inserted very quickly so that it does not cool down again when undergoing attachment to the bone, as it typically has only a small heat capacity, and thermoplastics can penetrate, for example, into interstitial spaces in bone only in softened conditions
[0003] In the case of liquefaction by directly applied ultrasonic energy, the above problems involving external heat sources are practically non-existent, but with a serious disadvantage: the bone must provide mechanical resistance sufficient to soften (vibrate) the thermoplastic material in the area of contact with the bone, and there is a risk of mechanical damage to the bone
A further disadvantage of the ultrasound technique is the fact that immediately after the polymer has hardened completely connected to the bone, it is no longer possible to liquefy, which means that the case, it is not possible to remove the implant again
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Embodiment 1
[0146] Example 1 (Osseosynthesis of plates)
[0147] A 1 mm thick resorbable osteosynthesis plate made of poly-D,L-lactide is applied to the bone fragment to be fixed and the necessary holes are drilled into the bone. In this example, the plate is provided with holes for 2.0 mm screws. A hole of size 1.7mm was drilled into the bone. A 2.0 mm diameter conductive pin was then mounted on the electrode connected to a commercially available electrocautery. The pins consisted of poly-D,L-lactide mixed with 15% carbon black.
[0148] In a conventional manner, the patient is connected to the neutral electrode of the cautery. The pre-drilled holes are fitted with dowels through the screw holes in the board and subjected to electrical current (power of 5W). Current flows through the conductive pin, heating it. Since the greatest voltage drop occurs at the transition from the bone to the pin, the greatest heating occurs here within the pin, thus softening the pin, especially at its ...
Embodiment 2
[0149] Example 2 (Osseosynthesis of plates)
[0150] In a variant of Example 1, a bone plate is used, similarly produced from the same conductive thermoplastic material as the pin described above. Insert the pins as in the previous example. Once the pin head comes into contact with the plate, fusion between the plate and the pin occurs at this point, as in the area of the hole, the plate is also conductive, and fusion between the plate and head occurs at this point. After cooling the pins, the plates are firmly connected to each other and thus lock the connection at a stable angle.
Embodiment 3
[0151] Embodiment 3 (bone anchoring)
[0152] In this case, the problem to be solved is to fix the filaments in the bone in order to lock tendons or other bone elements with the filaments. For this purpose, holes with a diameter of 3 mm and a depth of 15 mm were drilled into the bone. Filaments with high fusion points are inserted into holes in the bone. Then install an anchor slightly larger than the hole thickness over that hole. The anchor is made of polypyrrole with a conductivity of 1000 ohm / square.
[0153] In a similar manner to Example 1, in this case also by using an electrocautery, the anchor is placed under an electric current and, after softening by the radiant energy, pressed into the bone. After the electrical current is disconnected, the polymer hardens and the anchor, along with the filament, locks to the bone.
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Abstract
The medical implant comprises a biocompatible, electrically conductive polymer with electrical resistivity, which has the property of getting heated and softened by a flow of current through the polymer. The polymer is a thermoplastic material, which is polyacetylene, polyaniline, polyethylenedioxythiophene, polyphenylene vinylene, polyarylene, polyspirobifluorene, polydialkylfluorene, polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyetheretherketone, polymethylmetacrylate or polylactide. The medical implant materials comprises collagen. An independent claim is also included for a method for osteosynthesis.
Description
field of invention [0001] According to the main idea of patent claim 1, the invention relates to medical implants, according to the main idea of patent claim 70, the invention relates to devices containing medical implants, according to the main idea of patent claim 71, the invention relates to bone Osseosynthesis method, and according to the main idea of patent claim 81, the present invention relates to a further osteosynthesis method. Background of the invention [0002] The use of biocompatible thermoplastic materials for osteosynthesis and similar fixation purposes on human or animal bones is known in the art and various methods have been tried, for example by externally applied heat, as in a thermal cementing spray gun (gluing pistol) (eg US patent 5290281), or WOODELDING according to WO2006 / 002569, by ultrasonic energy, to liquefy the polymer. However, these techniques have the disadvantage that warming by an external heat source - as in a thermal cementation ...
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