Hybrid mechanism media access control (MAC) protocol communication method based on wireless sensor network

Abstract

The invention relates to a hybrid mechanism media access control (MAC) protocol communication method based on a wireless sensor network. A period appointment time interval is set, and an owned time slot of a node is utilized, so that the node participates in appointment of a competition channel when the owned time slot comes, each appointed time slot is provided with a maximum window time for carrier sense, the awakened random sense is activated by utilizing the node, the appointment message transmission and collision probability of the node and the idle sense time are reduced, single-hop or multi-hop data time slot appointment in a single period is realized, the control overhead and the data transmission delay are reduced, the node is activated and awakened at a period data time interval according to the appointment conditions of various data time slots in the appointment time interval, the node is awakened and sensed at an appointed data time slot, the single-hop or multi-hop transmission of single period data is realized, a node at a data time slot which is not appointed is positioned in a sleep state, the energy efficiency utilization rate of the node is improved, and the timeliness requirement of the data transmission can be well met.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a hybrid mechanism MAC protocol communication method based on a wireless sensor network, which belongs to the field of wireless communication networks. Background technique [0002] The Media Access Control (MAC) protocol is at the bottom of the wireless sensor network protocol. It determines the use of wireless channels and directly affects the use efficiency of wireless resources, network throughput and delay. One of the key network protocols for efficient communication. [0003] The function of the wireless sensor network is realized by the cooperation of many nodes. In the local area, the MAC protocol is required to coordinate the wireless channel allocation among the nodes. In the whole network, the routing protocol is required to select the communication path. From the perspective of communication network, wireless sensor network is a specific self-organizing network. The MAC protocol design of wireless sensor network h...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] (2) Computing and storage capacity limitations of nodes: Affected by factors such as size and cost, the computing and storage capacity of wireless sensor nodes is limited, which requires the MAC protocol design of wireless sensor networks to be as simple as possible to reduce the amount of calculation and storage

However, this type of protocol also has the following disadvantages: strict time synchronization is required between network nodes; when a new node joins or an old node fails, it is difficult to adjust the size of the MAC protocol time frame and the allocation of time slices, and the scalability is poor ; Poor adaptability to network topology changes caused by node movement and node failure; insensitive to traffic changes

In competition-based MAC protocols such as S-MAC, a variety of energy-saving measures are used to save energy, among which the mechanism of periodic sleep to reduce idle listening has a significant energy-saving effect, which makes the energy efficiency of the S-MAC protocol significantly improved, but S - The delay impact of MAC on delay-sensitive services is insurmountable; while in MAC protocols based on scheduling mechanisms such as TRAMA, each node only sends and receives data in its own time slot, and sleeps in other time slots, effectively However, problems such as time synchronization between nodes, time slot allocation algorithm, and poor adaptability to dynamic changes in the network topology limit the application of this type of protocol, and at the same time cannot meet the application requirements of the network for delay-sensitive services; The hybrid mechanism MAC protocol such as Z-MAC, which combines the advantages of contention and scheduling, only relaxes the requirements for synchronization between nodes and appropriately enhances the adaptability to network changes, but the complexity increases, and the delay performance of data transmission is not as good as that of Z-MAC. Substantial improvement, and increased control overhead

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