Methods and compositions for stimulating the production of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations
A formation and production technology, applied in the direction of drilling compositions, chemical instruments and methods, etc., can solve problems such as unfavorable gas permeability, damage to surrounding formations, weakened well productivity, etc.
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Embodiment 1
[0106] A series of laboratory tests were performed to characterize the efficacy of a series of microemulsions incorporating various terpenes. For these experiments, samples of the base microemulsion were prepared in which a detergent-range alcohol ethoxylate surfactant was first blended with isopropanol in a 1:1 ratio. Suitable detergent range alcohol ethoxylate surfactants include Neodol 25-7 (available from Shell Chemical Co.; for example, containing linear C 12 to C 15 alcohol ethoxylate surfactants), or comparable linear or branched chain alcohol ethoxylate surfactants available from SASOL, Huntsman or Stepan. The examples in Table 2 were prepared using Neodol 25-7. 46 parts by weight of this blend were mixed with 27 parts by weight of terpene and 27 parts by weight of water. Although considerable differences in microemulsion phase behavior of different terpenes were observed, this composition was chosen because at this composition the exemplary terpenes tested spontane...
Embodiment 2
[0117] Microemulsions with the following formulations were prepared with terpene variations as indicated in Table 4. The water to terpene ratio is about 5.5:1.
[0118] Microemulsion Formulation:
[0119]
[0120] One gallon per thousand dilutions of each microemulsion were prepared in 2% KCl. The dilutions were then used to determine oil and gas displacement of brine (eg, using the experimental procedures outlined in Examples 3 and 4). The results are given in Table 4.
[0121] Table 4: Brine displacement by oil and gas
[0122]
Embodiment 3
[0124] This example describes non-limiting experiments for determining the displacement of residual aqueous treatment fluid by formation crude oil. A 25 cm long, 2.5 cm diameter capped glass chromatography column was packed with 77 grams of 100 mesh sand. The column was left open on one end and a PTFE insert containing a concave bottom, 3.2mm diameter outlet and nipple was placed on the other end. Before placing the gasket into the column, a 3 cm diameter piece of filter paper (Whatman, #40) was pressed tightly into the concave bottom of the gasket to prevent leakage of the 100 mesh sand. A 2" section of polyethylene tubing was placed over the threaded joint of the gasket and a clamp was placed securely on the tubing prior to filling. By adding about 25 grams of diluted microemulsion (e.g., as described in Example 1 or Example 2) and diluted with 2% KCl to e.g. about 2 gpt, or about 1 gpt) into the column, then slowly, continuously add sand to gravity pack the column. After a...
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