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A kind of chestnut hybrid pollination method

A technology of hybrid pollination and chestnut, applied in the directions of botanical equipment and methods, application, plant genetic improvement, etc., can solve the problems of low seed setting rate, withering, yellowing of female flowers, etc., and achieve the effect of high bud setting rate.

Active Publication Date: 2017-08-01
CHANGLI INST OF POMOLOGY HEBEI ACADEMY OF AGRI & FORESTRY SCI
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  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, the technical steps of the traditional chestnut hybrid pollination method are simple [1-3] , did not solve the effect of "burning" caused by high temperature in the bag on the female flower after bagging (burning: excessive temperature causes physiological damage to the female chestnut flower, causing the female flower to turn yellow, wither, and then fall off), and did not affect the pollen The operation time and location of key steps such as collection and pollination of female flowers are detailed and clear, resulting in the situation that the female flowers are easy to burn after pollination, the rate of bud formation is low, and the number of nuts in the thorn buds is small (low seed setting rate) in the actual operation process.

Method used

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  • A kind of chestnut hybrid pollination method
  • A kind of chestnut hybrid pollination method
  • A kind of chestnut hybrid pollination method

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

experiment example

[0068] Experimental example: The effect of chestnut pollen collection time on its germination rate

[0069] At different time periods in a day (see Table 3 for details), pollen on two types of flowering branches (male flowering branches and mixed flowering branches) of Yanshan Zaofeng and Yanguang were collected respectively by step 2) of the present invention. Then use a needle tip to pick a little pollen from the male parent and sprinkle it on a glass slide coated with 10% sucrose solution, then place the glass slide in a petri dish lined with wet filter paper, place it in a constant temperature box at 25°C for 24 hours, and then take it out Use a dissecting microscope to examine under the microscope, take 3 visual fields for each slice, and count the germination rate,

[0070] Pollen germination rate = number of germinated pollen / total number of pollen × 100% (4)

[0071] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0072] Table 1. The effect of chestnut pollen collection time o...

Embodiment 1

[0076] Example 1 Three hybrid combinations of Yanshan Zaofeng (♀)×Yanguang (♂), Yanjing (♀)×Yanshan Zaofeng (♂) and Yanguang (♀)×Yanshan short branch (♂) were selected (Yanshanzao Feng, Yanguang, Yanjing, and Yanshan short branches are the main chestnut varieties planted in Hebei Province), and the test material is located at the chestnut breeding base of Changli Fruit Research Institute, Hebei Province, and the chestnut cross-pollination operation is carried out with the method of the present invention, and the concrete steps are as follows:

[0077] 1) Detasseling bagging

[0078] Before the female flower stigmas of the female chestnut plants 'Yanshanzaofeng', 'Yanjing' and 'Yanguang' appeared, select mixed flowering branches around the crown, remove all the male inflorescences, and use fruit bags (material: wood pulp paper; Specifications: 14.5-15cm×18.5-19cm) Put only the female flowers and the leaves of the female flower joints on the mixed flower branches into the bag to...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of a fruit tree breeding technology, and discloses a high efficiency Chinese chestnut cross pollination method, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) carrying out emasculation and bagging; 2) collecting and storing pollen; 3) carrying out pollination; 4) hanging a tag for marking; 5) disassembling the bag; and 6) harvesting fruits. The method is advantageous in that: 1) a Chinese chestnut maternal plant has a high bud-growing rate, obvious humiture change in the bag is reduced by processing, so that the burned flower falling rate of pistillate flowers is reduced, and the bud-growing rate is improved; 2) the Chinese chestnut maternal plant has more nuts in a bud with spines, (1) only a staminate inflorescence on a paternal plant staminate flower branch is selected as a pollen collection object, (2) the staminate inflorescence is collected during a time section from 10:00 to 11:00 AM, and pollen at a specific time and from a specific position can improve the germination rate of pollen which is pollinated to the pistillate flower stigma, (3) secondary pollination is carried out for the pistillate flower of the maternal plant in order to increase the insertion quantity of pollen on the stigma; the three integrated measures are carried out for improving the pollination and fertilization rate of the pistillate flower of the maternal plant, so that the Chinese chestnut bud with spines has more nuts.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree breeding, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency method for cross-pollination of chestnuts. Background technique [0002] Chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) is a plant of the genus Casatnae Miller of the family Fagaceae, and is one of the earliest ancient fruit trees that originated in China and were domesticated and cultivated. The chestnut industry is one of the pillar industries for farmers in mountainous areas in China to get rid of poverty and become rich, and chestnut varieties are the most basic and active elements in the chestnut industry chain. At present, most of the chestnut varieties in production are seed varieties, their quality and yield vary, and their excellent economic traits are relatively single. [1,3] . Chestnut varieties in the future will be the integration of several or even more than a dozen varieties (germplasm) with excellent traits, and the most effective...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01H1/02
Inventor 王广鹏刘庆香张树航李颖商贺立李海山
Owner CHANGLI INST OF POMOLOGY HEBEI ACADEMY OF AGRI & FORESTRY SCI