Gear box composite weak fault diagnosis method of sparse separation model

Abstract

The invention relates to a gear box composite weak fault diagnosis method of a sparse separation model. The method comprises the following steps of picking up a composite fault vibration signal of a gear box through an acceleration sensor; conducting the sparse decomposition on a to-be-analyzed signal by utilizing the sparse separation model algorithm, and extracting a periodic sparse fault signaland an oscillating fault signal; respectively performing envelope demodulation on the sparse fault signal and the low-frequency oscillating signal by utilizing the hilbert envelope demodulation spectrum; extracting the envelope spectrum and all sub-harmonic components of the envelope spectrum; finally comparing obtained values with theoretical calculation values, and positioning to figure out a composite fault type. According to the invention, the method is independent of the structure prior knowledge of vibration signals, and is also free of the construction of a pulse redundant dictionary through collecting a bulk of sample signals. Therefore, the interference of background noises can be well reduced and a relatively weak composite fault can also be extracted. The method is strong in stability and is suitable for the real-time fault inspection and the on-line monitoring of the gear box in the working state so as to avoid the occurrence of sudden accidents.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical fault diagnosis, in particular to a method for diagnosing compound weak faults of a gearbox with a sparse separation model. Background technique [0002] Gearbox is the core and key component of rotating machinery equipment. The condition monitoring and fault diagnosis during its operation directly affect the performance and life of the entire mechanical system. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately and timely identify the fault of the gearbox, especially the early fault-combined fault germination It is of great significance for early warning of faults, ensuring efficient production of enterprises and the safety of engineering personnel. The so-called early fault-composite fault refers to a variety of faults that have just sprouted and have not yet caused serious harm to the performance and working status of mechanical equipment, but usually the characteristics of early faults are relatively...

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Problems solved by technology

However, many scholars mostly focus on how to construct redundant dictionaries to realize sparse representation of faults, such as proposed harmonic wavelet dictionaries, K-means singular value decomposition dictionaries, step-pulse dictionaries, and shift-invariant dictionaries, etc., but redundant dictionaries The design of the method relies on

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