[0031] Refer to the attached drawings (the arrow in the figure indicates the flow path of water and air):
[0032] A bucket-shaped foundation capable of reducing soil plugging includes a cylinder body 1, a top plate 2, and a partition plate 5. The top of the cylinder body 1 is sealed with a top plate 2 to form an inverted bucket shape, and a water inlet valve 3 is provided on the top plate 2;
[0033] The inner wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with a plurality of partitions 5 distributed at intervals, and the partitions 5 are in sealed contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 1;
[0034] All partitions 5 are arranged in the range of 1/2 the height of the barrel from the top of the barrel; the spacing of the partitions 5 is non-equally distributed, and the spacing between adjacent partitions 5 gradually decreases from bottom to top;
[0035] The partitions 5 are made of brittle materials, and each partition 5 is provided with an eccentric reserved hole 6;
[0036] After the partitions 5 are installed, the water flow path formed by the inlet and outlet valves 3 and the reserved holes 6 on each adjacent partition 5 is the longest, such as figure 1 versus figure 2 Shown.
[0037] The inner wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with multiple sets of partitions 4 distributed at intervals. The number of the partitions 4 is the same as the number of the partitions 5. The lower end of each group of partitions 4 is equipped with partitions 5, and the bottom surface of the partitions 4 is connected to the partitions 5 The top surface of the pier is in close contact, the bottom surface of the pier 4 is horizontal, and the top surface of the pier 4 can be horizontal, inclined or other shapes, image 3 versus Figure 4 A situation where the top surface of the partition 4 is inclined is given. Each group of piers 4 is uniformly and symmetrically welded to the same elevation on the inner wall of the cylinder 1, the number of piers 4 in each group is not less than four, and the bottom surfaces of piers 4 of each group are on the same height plane.
[0038] The partition pier 4 has a small volume, and it only serves to fix and block the partitions 5, so the installation of the partition pier 4 has no effect on the penetration construction of the bucket foundation.
[0039] Each group of partition piers 4 is set within the range of 1/2 the height of the barrel from the top of the barrel; the spacing of each group of partition piers 4 is not equidistantly distributed, the closer the distance to the barrel top, the greater the distance between adjacent groups of partition piers 4 small. Existing studies have shown that the phenomenon of soil plugging gradually appears after the bucket-shaped foundation penetrates half of the depth, so the baffle 5 can only be arranged in the upper range of the bucket-shaped foundation.
[0040] The number of partitions 5 is not less than three. The number of partitions 5 can be determined comprehensively according to the estimated situation of soil plugging. The partitions 5 are disc-shaped, and the outer diameter of the partitions is equal to the inner diameter of the bucket foundation; The plates are set at the bottom of each group of partitions, and the partitions and the inner wall of the cylinder are sealed with engineering glue, so that water and air can only pass through the partitions 5 through the reserved holes 6 on the partitions 5, such as figure 2 As shown, the arrows in the figure indicate the flow paths of water and air.
[0041] The figure shows a situation where four partitions 5 are provided. The greater the number of partitions 5, the longer the water flow path, the smaller the hydraulic gradient inside and outside the bucket, and the less obvious the soil plugging phenomenon.
[0042] The partition 5 is made of a brittle round plastic thin plate. The thickness of the partition is not more than 4cm. The partition 5 can resist the pressure difference caused by the flow of water and air; when the partition 5 is in contact with the seabed soil, it becomes a barrel. When the foundation penetrates the seabed, the partition is brittlely broken by the seabed soil and forms multiple fragments. The partition 5 has no effect on the penetration of the bucket foundation into the seabed. The partition 5 should be prevented from being fractured by the water flow pressure difference before it contacts the seabed soil, otherwise the preset water flow path will fail.
[0043] The partition 5 is low in price and has basically no effect on the overall cost of the bucket foundation. The clapboard is made of brittle materials. After the clapboard contacts the seabed soil, it will be topped by the seabed soil to form multiple fragments, that is, the clapboard has no effect on the penetration construction of the bucket foundation.
[0044] The upper surface of the partition board 5 is provided with depression marks 7 for guiding the crushing, and the depression marks are in a grid shape.
[0045] The installation position of each partition 5 should be such that the distance between the reserved holes 6 on the adjacent partitions 5 is the farthest, and finally the water formed by the inlet and outlet valves 3 and the reserved holes 6 on the adjacent partitions 5 and The air flow path is the longest. The reserved holes 6 on the adjacent partitions 5 are at the farthest distance when they are at the two ends of a certain diameter, such as Figure 5 Shown.
[0046] The mechanism of this technology to reduce or even eliminate soil plugging is introduced as follows: Generally, soil plugging is closely related to the hydraulic gradient inside and outside the bucket. The larger the hydraulic gradient, the more serious the soil plugging phenomenon. The hydraulic gradient is calculated by formula (1):
[0047] i=Δh/L (1)
[0048] In the formula, i is the hydraulic gradient, Δh is the head difference between the inside and outside of the barrel, and L is the distance (permeation diameter) of water flow. In order to reduce the hydraulic gradient i, the usual approach is to reduce the head difference Δh between the inside and outside of the bucket. However, if the head difference Δh is too small, the penetration load of the bucket foundation is small, the penetration speed is small, the construction time is longer, and the When the resistance is large, the negative pressure difference may cause the bucket foundation to be unable to penetrate the seabed to the design depth. It can be seen that the idea of reducing the soil plug phenomenon by reducing the negative pressure difference between the inside and outside of the barrel and then reducing the hydraulic gradient has certain limitations.
[0049] The traditional technology only considers reducing the water head difference Δh to reduce the hydraulic gradient i, but does not pay attention to the effect of reducing the hydraulic gradient i by increasing the seepage diameter L. In this technology, the seepage diameter L is greatly extended by providing multiple partitions 5, thereby greatly reducing the hydraulic gradient i, and achieving the purpose of weakening or even eliminating soil plugging.
[0050] After multiple partitions 5 are set on the inner middle and upper part of the bucket foundation, water and air can only flow through the reserved holes 6 between adjacent partitions 5, and the water flow path L is greatly increased, thereby greatly reducing the internal and external The hydraulic gradient i further reduces or even eliminates the effect of soil plugging. On the one hand, the cost of installing the partition 5 is low, and there is basically no impact on the construction; on the other hand, the traditional method of reducing the head difference Δh between the inside and outside of the barrel is not adopted, so that the construction process has sufficient penetration load, and the offshore construction time is short, which reduces Cost of construction.
[0051] Image 6 It shows a schematic diagram of the construction of penetrating the bucket foundation into the seabed before each partition 5 has not touched the seabed. Figure 7 It shows the construction diagram of the bucket foundation continuing to penetrate the seabed after the partial partition 5 at the bottom contacts the seabed and is brittle and broken. Due to the partition 5, the soil plugging phenomenon is lighter or even disappears when the bucket foundation penetrates the seabed. The bucket foundation can be penetrated to the design depth smoothly, and it will not be unable to penetrate to the end due to serious soil plugging. Elevation situation.
[0052] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification for the understanding and reading of those familiar with this technology, and are not used to limit the implementation of the present invention. It does not have technical significance. Any structural modification, proportional relationship change or size adjustment, without affecting the effects and objectives that can be achieved by the present invention, should still fall within the technology disclosed in the present invention The content must be covered. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "inner", "horizontal", "top", "adjacent", etc., cited in this specification are only for ease of description and are not used to limit the implementation of the present invention. The scope of the change or adjustment of its relative relationship shall also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantial changes to the technical content.
[0053] The drawings only show part of the shape and part of the structure of the bucket foundation. According to the proposed idea, the shape, number, and connection of the piers and partitions can be changed to form other related types that can reduce soil plugging. The bucket foundation is an equivalent modification and change of this technology, and will not be repeated here.
[0054] The accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation of the patent; in order to better illustrate this embodiment, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; For the personnel, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted; the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components; the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only for exemplary description and cannot be understood In order to limit this patent.
[0055] The present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. Based on the above content, according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field, the present invention can also make other equivalent forms without departing from the above basic technical ideas of the present invention. Modifications, substitutions or alterations fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
