Apparatus used for high voltage electric pulse disintegration of spherical fuel element and capable of achieving adaptive clamping

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus used for high voltage electric pulse disintegration of a spherical fuel element and capable of achieving adaptive clamping. The apparatus comprises a bracket, a lifting mechanism, a discharge chamber, a high voltage electrode, a ground electrode and an adaptive clamping member, wherein the lifting platform is arranged on the bracket, the high voltage electrodeis fixed on the top portion of the bracket, the discharge chamber is arranged on the lifting mechanism, the discharge portions of the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode are flat-plate type, the adaptive clamping member is coaxially arranged in the discharge chamber, the outer portion of the adaptive clamping member is cylindrical, the inner surface of the adaptive clamping member isformed by smooth transition of a cylindrical surface and a conical surface, a spherical fuel element is placed in the adaptive clamping member, and has a distance of 1-8 mm from the high voltage electrode, and when high-voltage pulse discharge is performed, the fuel element is disintegrated by the shock wave generated by discharge, and the debris is filtered out by the ground electrode. Accordingto the present invention, the apparatus works at a relatively low voltage, can resist the short circuit between the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode, and does not require the additionally-arranged current limiting resistor, such that the safety and the disintegration energy efficiency of the system are improved, and the apparatus is firm and durable.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a device for dismantling spherical fuel elements with high-voltage electric pulses, which is suitable for dismantling high-temperature reactor spherical fuel elements under radioactive conditions, and belongs to the technical field of radioactive spent fuel reprocessing. Background technique [0002] It is very important to reprocess the spent fuel of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, and it is necessary to conduct special disintegration research in view of the particularity of the structure of the spherical fuel elements used in it. Among various disintegration methods, the high-voltage electric pulse method has the characteristics of fast disintegration speed, no consumption of chemical reagents, no secondary waste, and no dust generation during the treatment process. It is a more promising method. [0003] At present, there is no dedicated high-voltage electric pulse disintegration device for high-temperature reactor fue...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, there is no dedicated high-voltage electric pulse disintegration device for high-temperature reactor fuel elements. The existing relevant reports are to use commercial high-voltage electric pulse devices to disintegrate cylindrical graphite blocks, TRISO particles, graphite fragments, etc., and there are problems It is a phenomenon of energy waste, and the energy efficiency of disintegration is low

[0005] At present, there is no dedicated high-voltage electric pulse disintegration device for high-temperature reactor fuel elements. The existing relevant reports are to use commercial high-voltage electric pulse devices to disintegrate cylindrical graphite blocks, TRISO particles, graphite fragments, etc., and there are problems There is a phenomenon of energy waste, and the energy efficiency of disintegration is low

The reason for this is that it is a commercial device, and its normal use is to crack an insulator or a small amount of conductor-type material covered by an insulator, so there is no need to consider the short circuit between the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode during discharge, and when the main material of the crack is graphite material , graphite is conductive and may cause a short circuit between the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode

In order to prevent the short-circuit from damaging the high-voltage electric pulse device, in the case that the internal electrical circuit of the commercial device cannot be changed, the solution adopted in the existing reports is to artificially lengthen a gap between the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode, and use water to The resistance at the time of dielectric breakdown is used as the current limiting resistance at the time of short circuit, which leads to the waste of disassembly energy

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