Single-trunk three-main-branch open-center tree shape of carya illinoensis and shaping and pruning method thereof

A thin-shelled hickory, shaping and pruning technology is applied in the field of economic forest cultivation, which can solve the problems of unfavorable mechanized picking, high cultivation and planting density, high labor intensity, etc., and achieves suitable for mechanized harvesting, high fixed dry height, and reduced size. year effect

Pending Publication Date: 2021-10-08
INST OF BOTANY JIANGSU PROVINCE & CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] A kind of spindle-shaped tree shape of hickory nut and its shaping method (CN 110476691), however, these two kinds of tree shapes are suitable for dwarf dense tree shape, through long-term observation and research, and with the biology of hickory nut With the increase in awareness, I learned that the thin-shelled hickory is a tall tree with poor bud forming ability, but the branches grow vigorously, and the formation of short branches is less. Due to the high planting density of the hedgerow and spindle trees, the orchard will disappear in a short period of time. Closed canopy will seriously affect flower bud differentiation, resulting in low yield, and will enter the cycle of big and small years in a short period of time (5-6 years), and the pruning workload of these two tree shapes is heavy, and fruit ripening in the later stage of dwarf tree shape is not conducive to mechanization picking, time consuming
Labor-intensive technologies are not suitable for future industrial development

Method used

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  • Single-trunk three-main-branch open-center tree shape of carya illinoensis and shaping and pruning method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0020] Example 1 Traditional evacuation hierarchical tree

[0021] Evacuation layered shape: trunk height 40‐60cm, 3 main branches are left on the first layer, with a distance of about 80cm, and 2 main branches are left on the second layer. Each main branch is configured with 1 to 2 side branches and has a central trunk. The specific shaping method is: the fixed dry height in the year of planting is 40-60cm. In the spring of the second year, choose the upright branch with strong growth potential at the top as the central leading stem, and then choose 3 branches with good angles on the main trunk as the main branch of the first layer, cut it short by about 1 / 3, and each main branch is 50 from the main trunk. -60 degrees. Other more upright branches can be thinned out, and middle and short branches should be kept as fruiting branches. When pruning in the spring of the third year, on the main branch selected from the previous year, select the branches with open angles as side ...

Embodiment 2

[0022] Example 2 The patented thin-shell hickory tree of the present invention has a single-trunk and three-main-branch happy tree shape, which was completed in 3 years.

[0023] 1) Planting: Select a flat land, use an excavator to dig a pit with a length, width and height of 1.5m, spread corn stalks, etc. into the bottom of the ditch, return the soil to a distance of 1m from the ground, and mix the decomposed organic fertilizer and soil evenly After backfilling, backfill to 20 cm from the ground. Choose 5-year-old root-rich seedlings with obvious central stems for planting, with a plant-to-row spacing of 5×10 m, and irrigate once after planting.

[0024] 2) Grafting: From February to March, select the annual branches of the excellent variety 'Poni' and 'Cado', cut the branches into spikes with a length of about 20 cm, seal the joints with wax, and refrigerate them in a refrigerator at 4°C for 1 month above. At the beginning of April, the seedlings were grafted with a height...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a single-trunk three-main-branch open-center tree shape of carya illinoensis and a shaping and pruning method thereof. The tree shape is characterized in that the trunk fixing height is 1.5-2.5 m; three main branches are selected and reserved, the main branches are alternately grown on a central trunk at the same height, the angle is about 120 degrees, the main branches are inclined upwards, the opening angle is 45-60 degrees, more than 8 lateral branches which are outwards inclined are cultivated on each main branch, bearing branch groups are attached to the lateral branches, the distance between the lateral branches is about 30 cm, and when the main branches are 2.5 m or above, heads fall off in time, and the height of the main branches is not higher than 3.5 m. The tree shape has no central trunk above a branch point, and three main branches are uniformly distributed around a crown and are not crossed and overlapped. The tree shape can be formed in 2-3 years, has the advantages of being fast in shaping, good in early-fruiting yield, easy to shape, simple in later-stage pruning and convenient to grasp, and is a novel high-quality, early-fruiting high-yield and labor-saving tree shape beneficial to mechanization cultivation for carya illinoensis.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a shaping and pruning method of pecan with thin shells, in particular to a happy tree shape with single trunk and three main branches of hickory with thin shells and a shaping and pruning method thereof, belonging to the technical field of economic forest cultivation. Background technique [0002] Thin shell hickory [Carya illinoensis (Wangech.) K. Koch], also known as long hickory, American hickory, is a tall tree plant of the Julandaceae (Julandaceae) hickory (Carya Nutt), native to North America, is It is an ecological and economical tree species integrating high-quality nuts, woody oil, landscaping and precious wood. Since the 20th century, more and more countries in the world have introduced and planted pecans with thin shells. my country's Jiangsu, Yunnan, Anhui, etc. have carried out large-scale planting and promotion. In the past 20 years, the scientific research of thin-shelled pecans has made great breakthroughs, an...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G17/00A01G17/10A01G23/04A01G7/06A01G2/30
CPCA01G17/005A01G23/04A01G7/06A01G2/30A01G17/10
Inventor 张计育贾展慧张凡王刚王涛
Owner INST OF BOTANY JIANGSU PROVINCE & CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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