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Process for producing monosaccharides from chitin and/or chitosan by means of chemical and/or enzymatic hydrolysis and the uses thereof

a technology of chitosan and monosaccharides, which is applied in the direction of sugar derivates, biofuels, esterified saccharide compounds, etc., can solve the problem that chitosan is particularly susceptible to this reaction

Active Publication Date: 2022-10-04
INST FEDERAL DE EDUCACAO CIENCIA E TECHA DO TOCANTINS IFTO +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides a process for obtaining monosaccharides from chitin or chitosan using low-cost and easily obtainable reagents. The process involves hydrolysis of chitosan using nitrous acid under specific temperature and concentration conditions. This process is efficient and economically viable for producing second-generation ethanol. The invention also provides a combination of chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis using amyl glucosidases to obtain monosaccharides from chitin and chitosan.

Problems solved by technology

The major problems associated to ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass derive from the refractory structure of lignocellulose, which requires a process of delignification of biomass (the lignin present in the biomass interferes with the activity of the cellulase enzymes used) and the fermentation of the pentoses produced in the process (such as xylose and arabinose, which are not fermentable by most organisms used to produce ethanol, among them yeasts of genus Saccharomyces).
Due to the amino group (—NH2) present in the monomer, chitosan is especially susceptible to this reaction.

Method used

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  • Process for producing monosaccharides from chitin and/or chitosan by means of chemical and/or enzymatic hydrolysis and the uses thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0025]Prepare a 1-5% (mass / volume) chitin or chitosan solution in acetic acid solution (1-5%) under stirring at room temperature for an appropriate time (1-30 minutes). Then, a freshly made concentrated sodium nitrite (NaNO2) solution (0.5 to 5 mol / L) is added to the solution (5-50% of the volume of the solution) (nitrite tends to oxidize to nitrate, thus, using an old made solution reduces the efficiency of the process) under stirring at room temperature. The reaction produces nitrogen gas which can be observed by the vigorous gas release.

example 2

[0026]Prepare the chitin or chitosan solution according to example 1 by changing the heating of the mixture while stirring for mild heating (30° C. to 55° C.). The temperature accelerates the reaction reducing the total time to obtain the product.

example 3

[0027]Prepare the chitin or chitosan solution according to example 1 by changing the heating of the mixture while stirring for intense heating (55° C.-99° C.).

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Abstract

Disclosed is a process for obtaining monosaccharides in acid aqueous solution from chitin or chitosan by means of chemical and / or enzymatic hydrolysis. By using low-cost and easily obtainable reagents, this process makes it possible to obtain sugar solutions of industrial importance. With our new production process to supply the food industry and / or the chemicals industry, manufacturing of monosaccharides is less complex and thus technically and financially more viable.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention discloses a process for obtaining monosaccharides from chitin or chitosan in acid aqueous solution. The process makes it possible to obtain a solution of hexoses using low cost and of easily obtainable reagents. The technical field to which this invention is related aims to provide, by means of an innovative process of production in food industry and / or chemical industry, an alternative method for producing sugars which is technically and economically more viable.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]The production of second-generation ethanol is strongly dependent on the efficiency in obtaining fermentable monosaccharides from biomass. Methods traditionally used resort to chemical and / or enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose, the most abundant source of biomass. The major problems associated to ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass derive from the refractory structure of lignocellulose, which requires a process of delignification of biom...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C07H3/02C12P19/02C12P19/14C07H13/04C07H5/06C13K13/00C07H1/08
CPCC07H3/02C07H1/08C07H5/06C07H13/04C12P19/02C12P19/14C13K13/00Y02E50/10
Inventor ASCÊNCIO, SÉRGIO DONIZETIMONTEL, ADÃO LINCON BEZERRASOUZA, ÉBER EURÍPEDES DE
Owner INST FEDERAL DE EDUCACAO CIENCIA E TECHA DO TOCANTINS IFTO