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Customized acetabular cup positioning guide and system and method of generating and employing such a guide

a positioning guide and acetabular cup technology, applied in the field of medical equipment, systems and methods, can solve the problems of pain, stiffness, decreased mobility, and damage to the bones and joints, and achieve the effects of reducing mobility, pain, and stiffness

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-09-18
HOWMEDICA OSTEONICS CORP
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent describes a custom acetabular cup positioning guide for use in hip replacement procedures. The guide is designed to match the patient's acetabulum and is used to position the prosthetic cup during the procedure. The guide is made using a directional rod and a semi-hemispherical blank, which is a negative contour of the inside surface of the acetabulum. The guide can be used in conjunction with an impactor to seat the cup in the patient's acetabular cup. The guide is generated using medical images of the patient's bone and can be customized to match the specific needs of each patient. The guide helps to improve the accuracy of the procedure and can make the surgery safer and more efficient.

Problems solved by technology

Over time and through repeated use, bones and joints can become damaged or worn.
When the cartilage wears down, fluid can accumulate in the joint areas, resulting in pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility.
Preparing a patient's acetabulum for implanting of a prosthetic acetabular cup can be challenging because of the unique contouring shape of the patient's acetabulum, and because the pelvic bone does not easily lend itself to resections, as in an arthroplasty procedure involving inplants to the femur or tibia.
A one to two millimeter translational misalignment may result in imbalanced ligaments and thus may significantly affect the outcome of the procedure.
For example, implant misalignment may result in intolerable post-surgery pain and also may prevent the patient from having stable leg flexion.
In particular, the patient's joint may not be restored to its natural alignment with respect to the knee and ankle centers, which can result in pain and difficulty in adjustment to the new alignment.
However, under some methods, it is difficult to determine the proper orientation of an arthroplasty guide and ultimately of the positioning and alignment of an acetabular cup implant.
However, such guides often rely on a human to subjectively determine or “eyeball” rotational angles and the extent of the treatment.
More particularly, once a surgeon has begun reaming a patient's acetabulum or impacting / implanting the acetabular cup, it can be difficult and damaging to accurately stop the reaming or impacting / implanting and start anew.

Method used

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  • Customized acetabular cup positioning guide and system and method of generating and employing such a guide
  • Customized acetabular cup positioning guide and system and method of generating and employing such a guide
  • Customized acetabular cup positioning guide and system and method of generating and employing such a guide

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first embodiment

[0089]a method of employing the guide 252 will now be discussed. In preparation for the arthroplasty procedure, the region of a patient's body to undergo the procedure is prepared for surgery [BLOCK 205]. The preparation can include a surgeon or a surgical assistant making the appropriate incisions into the target area of the patient's body 12. Once the target area 12 is accessible for the procedure, the actual shape-match hip guide 252 is matingly received in the patient's acetabular cup [BLOCK 210]. FIGS. 16A and 16B are inferior-lateral views of a patient's actual hip region 250 including the surgical target acetabular cup 251 in the process of receiving an actual prosthetic acetabular cup 260. As shown in FIG. 16A, an actual shape-match hip guide 252 is matingly received in the acetabular cup 251. The hip guide 252 includes a directional rod 253 extending from a semi-hemispherical head 254 having a hemispherical surface that is a surface negative of the surface contour of the in...

second embodiment

[0093]a method employing the guide 252 will now be discussed. In preparation for the arthroplasty procedure, the region of a patient's body to undergo the procedure is prepared for surgery [BLOCK 240]. The preparation can include a surgeon making the appropriate incisions into the target area of the patient's body. Once the target area is accessible for the procedure, the actual shape-match hip guide 252 is matingly received in the patient's acetabular cup [BLOCK 245]. FIGS. 17A and 17B are views of the patient's actual hip region 250 including the surgical target acetabular cup 251 in the process of receiving an actual prosthetic acetabular cup via another method in conjunction with an outrigger device for employing the actual shape-match hip guide 252. As shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, the actual shape-match hip guide 252 is matingly received in the acetabular cup 251 as described with respect to FIG. 16A, and a first coupler half 270 of the outrigger device extends over the rod 253....

third embodiment

[0099]a method employing the guide 252 will now be discussed. FIGS. 18A and 18B are views of the patient's actual hip region 250 illustrating the process of employing a silo device 350 with the shape-match hip guide 252. In preparation for the surgical procedure, a surgeon or a surgeon's assistant will prepare the hip region of the patient for the procedure [BLOCK 285]. The preparation may include making an incision and generally preparing the patient's acetabulum to receive a prosthetic shape-match hip guide. As shown in FIG. 18A, the shape-match hip guide 252 is first matingly engaged with the patient's acetabular cup 251 as previously described herein [BLOCK 290]. As indicated in FIG. 18B, the barrel 351 of the preassembled silo 350 is slid over the rod 253 of the guide 252, and the three silo legs 350A-C extending from the silo barrel 351 are positioned for anchoring to the bone of the patient's hip region 250 [BLOCK 295].

[0100]FIGS. 18C and 18D are views of the patient's actual...

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Abstract

Implementations described and claimed herein provide an arthroplasty system positioning an acetabular cup implant. In one implementation, the system includes a shape-match hip guide having a patient specific mating region that is a negative of the surface contour of the inside surface of the patient's acetabular cup, and a directional rod that extends generally along the axis of the patient's femoral head and femoral neck. They system can additionally include an outrigger or silo device to aid in the alignment of surgical tools for preparing and implanting of the prosthetic acetabular cup in the patient's acetabular cup. Related methods are also disclosed herein for generating a shape-match guide and implanting an acetabular cup with the guide.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to U.S. provisional patent application 61 / 794,662, which was filed Mar. 15, 2013, entitled “ACETABULAR CUP POSITIONING,” and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety into the present application.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]Aspects of the presently disclosed technology relate to medical apparatuses, systems, and methods. More specifically, the presently disclosed technology relates to a customized acetabular cup positioning guide and surgical systems and methods for generating and employing the guide and implanting an acetabular cup with the guide.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Over time and through repeated use, bones and joints can become damaged or worn. For example, repetitive strain on bones and joints (e.g., through athletic activity), traumatic events, and certain diseases (e.g., osteoarthritis) can cause cartilage in joint areas, which normally provides a cus...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61F2/46
CPCA61F2/4609A61F2002/30948A61F2002/30952A61F2002/4687Y10T29/49002A61F2/30942A61F2002/4681
Inventor SONG, KEUN
Owner HOWMEDICA OSTEONICS CORP