39 results about "Solubility equilibrium" patented technology

The invention discloses a variable-volume pressure fixing device and method for measuring the solubility of gas in liquid. The variable-volume pressure fixing device includes a gas sample bottle, a gas cavity, a balance cavity, a thermostatic bath with a magnetic stirrer, a pressure sensor, a thermometer, a gas chromatograph, a pressure reducing valve, a pressure control gas cylinder, a vacuum pump and a real-time data acquisition system. The gas cavity is used for controlling and calculating the sample quantity of gas in the balance cavity. The balance cavity is provided with a visual window and a movable piston, the liquid level can be observed, and the pressure inside the balance cavity can be regulated. The constant pressure in the balance cavity is kept by adjusting the movable piston through the pressure control gas cylinder.The method stabilizes the pressure in the balance cavity through the external large-volume gas cylinder, achieves measurement of the solubility of a pure gas substance and a mixture in liquid under constant pressure and can avoid solubility equilibrium offset caused by sampling.

The invention discloses a desulphurization synergist for a wet-method smoke desulphurization system used for a fire plant. The desulphurization synergist consists of the following ingredients: an interface active agent, a cosolvent, a pH buffer agent and an oxidation catalyst, wherein the preferable weight percent of each ingredient is as follows: 40 to 60 percent of interface active agent, 20 to 40 percent of cosolvent, 5 to 15 percent of pH buffer agent and 2 to 5 percent of oxidized catalyst. The desulphurization synergist is added into a calcium absorption agent, and the application concentration is 150mg/L to 600mg/L. By adopting the desulphurization synergist, the solubility equilibrium of calcium absorption agent can be promoted to move towards a positive direction, and the solubility of the calcium can be improved; the pH of a gas-liquid interface is stabilized, and the dissolving speed of sulfur dioxide is increased; the oxidation speed is increased, and the generation of gypsum is accelerated; the circulation amount of absorption slurry is reduced, the consumption of the absorption slurry is reduced, an energy-saving and consumption-reducing purpose is achieved, the cost is reduced, and benefit increasing can be achieved.

The invention belongs to the field of crylic acid ester synthesis, and in particular discloses a preparation method of a high-purity (bi)pentaerythritol crylic acid non-complete esterification product. The defects in the prior art that the non-complete esterification rate of (bi)pentaerythritol and crylic acid is low and the purity is low are overcome. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: firstly, mixing a solvent with (bi)pentaerythritol, carrying out heating reflux so as to completely or partially dissolve the (bi)pentaerythritol, when the dissolution is balanced, sequentially adding the crylic acid, a catalyst, a polymerization inhibitor and a water-carrying agent, carrying out backflow esterification reaction; when the reaction is accomplished, neutralizing, decolorating, removing the solvent and filtering so as to obtain the (bi)pentaerythritol crylic acid non-complete esterification product. By using appropriate solvents, the (bi)pentaerythritol is completely or partially dissolved so as to be subjected to esterification reaction with the crylic acid at average phases; and the generated non-complete esterification product is high in purity and good in use performance.

The invention discloses a dibenzothiophene-thiophene pyrrolidone type double cable conjugate polymer and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps that alkyl bromide substituted thiophene pyrrolidone and a receptor nucleophilic reagent are added into an organic solvent; after the dissolving and balance, potassium carbonate is added; heating reaction is performed; aftercooling, chloroform and deionized water are added; liquid distribution is performed; organic phases are washed by saline water; drying and rotary evaporation are performed to obtain crude products; the crude products are subjected to silicagel column separation to obtain a pure intermediate M1; (2) the intermediate M1 and a dibenzothiophene type double tin reagent M2 are added into methylbenzene;after the solution is subjected to degasification treatment, a palladium catalyst and triphenylphosphine are added; heating reaction is performed; products are precipitated and filtered; the polymeris separated out in acetone; a filter membrane is used for suction filtration; vacuum drying is performed to obtain a black double cable polymer product. The prepared polymer has the advantages that an electron donor and a receptor are connected to form a single ingredient active layer through covalent bonds; the polymer is applied onto a photovoltaic device and belongs to an organic photovoltaicmaterial with excellent performance.

A supercritical vapor deposition method includes the following steps. Firstly, a fluid is provided. Then, the pressure of the fluid is increased to a supercritical phase such that the fluid becomes a supercritical solvent. Then, a coating substance is dissolved in the supercritical solvent, thereby preparing a solubility equilibrium supercritical solution. Then, a substrate is provided on a heating base, which is immersed in the solubility equilibrium supercritical solution. Afterwards, the heating base is heated to have the solubility equilibrium supercritical solution generate a precipitation driving force, so that the coating substance is precipitated out and deposited on the substrate as a film.

The invention discloses a preparation method of hydrogenated rosin without crystallization tendency. The method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving a C5-C8 saturated alkane for existing hydrogenated rosin, wherein the weight ratio of the C5-C8 saturated alkane to the existing hydrogenated rosin is more than 1, agitating to sufficiently dissolve, stopping agitating when the dissolving balance is achieved; (2) keeping the solution of the step (1) at 0-25 DEG C, standing for 4-8 hours to sufficiently crystallize and separate out the hydrogenated rosin with crystallization tendency, filtering the crystallized hydrogenated rosin, separating filtrate by distillation to separate a solvent to obtain the hydrogenated rosin without crystallization tendency. The method is simple in process and the hydrogenated rosin which is free from crystallization tendency, low in ash content and high in stability can be obtained through the method. And meanwhile, the invention further discloses the hydrogenated rosin without crystallization tendency prepared by using the method, the hydrogenated rosin without crystallization tendency is oxidation resistant and ageing resistant, and can be widely applied to the fields of adhesive, electronic soldering flux, coating, printing ink, rubber and the like.

The invention relates to a ternary system high temperature high pressure fluid solubility equilibrium sampling system. The system comprises a high temperature high pressure dissolving unit, which comprises a dissolving kettle body and a dissolving heating furnace, wherein the dissolving heating furnace is arranged on the periphery of the dissolving cylinder so as to keep a constant temperature in the dissolving kettle body, and the side wall of the dissolving kettle body is provided with a sampling opening; a high pressure balancing unit, which is connected to the end part of the dissolving kettle body so as to keep a constant pressure in the dissolving kettle body; and a balance quantitatively sampling unit, which comprises a sampling valve, a balance quantitatively sampling device, a sampling heating furnace, and a pressure maintaining device, wherein the sample valve is arranged between the sampling opening and the balance quantitatively sampling device, the sampling heating furnace is arranged on the periphery of the balance quantitatively sampling device to make the temperature in the balance quantitatively sampling device be close to the temperature in the dissolving kettle body, and the pressure maintaining device is connected to the balance quantitatively sampling device in order to modulate the pressure in the balance quantitatively sampling device to narrow down the pressure difference between the balance quantitatively sampling device and the dissolving kettle body. The provided sampling system can realize constant-temperature constant-pressure homogenous sampling.

The present invention relates to a preparation method for high purity magnesium oxide powder, and belongs to the field of hydrometallurgy. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving magnesium chloride by deionized water to prepare a magnesium chloride solution; according to the dissolution equilibrium principle, calculating precipitation starting pH values of various impurity ions, and determining the precipitation pH value ranges of the impurity ions of Fe, Al, and Si; adding an alkaline reagent, adjusting the pH value, neutralizing the precipitation, and filtering to remove the impurities such as Fe, Al, Si, and the like, wherein the filtrate is provided for a spare use; adding an alkaline reagent to the filtrate, neutralizing the precipitation of Mg, filtering andseparating to obtain the filter cake; placing the filter cake in an oven, holding a constant temperature of 120 DEG C, and carrying out drying to obtain Mg (OH) 2; carrying out calcination for 3 hours at the constant temperature of 920 DEG C, and carrying out crushing and screening to obtain the MgO powder. According to the present invention, the method of the present invention has characteristics of simpleness, easy batch production and low cost; the metal impurity ions in the prepared MgO powder meet the requirements of the PDP medium layer to the purity of the MgO material, and the high purity magnesium oxide powder of the present invention can be used for preparation of the MgO optical coating material.

The invention belongs to the field of gas solubility measurement, and provides a device and a method for measuring gas solubility in a natural gas hydrate solution system. The measuring device mainlycomprises a reaction system, a sampling system and a data analysis system. According to the invention, the gas solubility in a natural gas hydrate solution system can be measured under different temperature, pressure and salt ion conditions, and the influence of different environmental conditions on the gas solubility during hydrate-liquid water two-phase balance is explored. The device has the characteristics that the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the sampling is performed under constant pressure, the phase balance and the dissolution balance of a system are prevented frombeing damaged by sampling, in addition, the microfilter is used for ensuring that a taken liquid sample does not contain hydrate crystals, and the experiment data has higher accuracy.

The invention relates to a high-accuracy substance solubility measurement device based on laser refraction. The device comprises a dissolution system and a dissolution balance point judgment system, can judge a dissolution balance point of a solution on the basis of laser refraction under different constant-temperature conditions and further measures substance solubility. The device mainly has the advantages that the measurement accuracy of the dissolution balance point of the solution is improved by detecting uniformity of the solution sensitively on the basis of laser refraction, operation is simple, the applicability is wide, the stability is good, and the measurement accuracy is high.

A system for rapidly recovering ammonia nitrogen in high ammonia nitrogen wastewater of livestock comprises an ammonia separating system and an ammonia recovering system, wherein the dissolving balance of ammonium nitrogen in wastewater is broken by biochemical action, and meanwhile, the wastewater collides with a hot water pipe in a spraying manner, and the ammonium nitrogen is released in an ammonia gas form in the alternate cooling and heating process; acid absorbing and fixed utilizing of the ammonia gas are realized through the ammonia recovering system. Therefore, the ammonia nitrogen content in the livestock wastewater can be rapidly decreased; the barrier in following biological treatment of the livestock wastewater is reduced. According to the system, the ammonia nitrogen removingrate is up to 90.86% and reaches national standard on nitrogen ammonia exhaust of livestock wastewater; moreover, the ammonia nitrogen recovery rate is 95% or higher, so that the ammonia nitrogen content in the livestock wastewater can be efficiently rapidly removed within short time, and the released ammonia nitrogen can be efficiently recovered. The system is low in construction cost, low in energy consumption, simple to operate, high in applicability, capable of comprehensively recovering ammonia nitrogen resource, free from pollution to surrounding environments, and continuous to run.

The invention relates to a method for treating cyanide in cyanidation slag, and belongs to a pollutant treating method in the environment-friendly field. A cyaniding tailing pulp is pumped into a pressure filter machine with the pressure filter washing air drying function to be subject to squeezing treatment, the pressure filter air drying function is started, the pressure filter washing functionis started, and a filter cake generated after pressure filter can meet the treatment requirement. The method aims at solving the problem that a large amount of toxic substance cyanide is contained inthe gold mine cyanidation slag, and great safety and environment-friendly hidden danger to the surrounding environment is generated. The solubility equilibrium principle is used, through washing treatment, the cyanide in the cyanidation slag reaches the B-stage standard (the content of the total cyanide is smaller than 8 mg/kg) in the exhibition site soil environment quality evaluation criterion.Compared with a traditional cyanidation slag innocent treatment method, the method has the beneficial effects of being low in treatment cost, small in occupied area, little in consumed water and the like, and has the universal application and is easy to popularize.

The invention discloses continuous type automatic measurement method and apparatus for radon in water. In the invention, it is proved that radon gas exchanges between gas phase and liquid phase and satisfies Henry's Law, namely, dissolution equilibrium state; and the concentration of radon in water can be calculated by an equation of Cw = F*Cg; meanwhile, the invention provides experiment measurement steps of water temperature T relative to the equilibrium factor F. The measurement apparatus includes: a water filter unit, a gas-water exchanger unit, a water vapor condenser unit, and a radon detector unit. The measurement apparatus has simple operation, is high in intelligent degree, has digital measurement function, saves manpower and drying agent, can continuously measure the concentration of radon in water for a long period, is more complete, stable and accurate in measurement data of the radon in water, and can supply a more reliable digital measurement result for the radon in waterto observation of geologic structure and earthquake precursor.

The invention relates to a method capable of increasing the solubility of paclitaxel. The method capable of increasing the solubility of the paclitaxel comprises the steps that functional compounds and short-chain alcohol are added into the paclitaxel, and the acidity and alkalinity range of a solution is adjusted to range from pH 2 to pH 7.4; specifically, the method comprises the following steps that 1 part to 2 parts of the paclitaxel is dissolved into 0.5 part to 3 parts of the short-chain alcohol, and an inner phase is prepared; 5 parts to 20 parts of the functional compounds are dissolved into 7 parts to 10 parts of the deionized water, and an outer phase is prepared; the inner phase is added to the outer phase drop by drop, the pH of the solution is adjusted to 2 to 704, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30 minutes, the solution is sealed and placed in an incubation shaking bed at the temperature ranging from 25 DEG C to 60 DEG C to be shaken for 1 hour to 48 hours, and therefore solubility equilibrium is achieved. According to the method capable of increasing the solubility of the paclitaxel, an amphipathy medicinal compound with the characteristics of a surface active agent directly serves as a carrier capable of increasing the solubility of the paclitaxel, and meanwhile a certain amount of the short-chain alcohol is added to generate the synergistic effect, so that the solubility of the paclitaxel can be effectively improved, and finally the oral bioavailability of the paclitaxel is expected to be increased.

The invention discloses an accelerated test method for simulating atmospheric corrosion of aluminum alloy in a coastal ventilation room. The method comprises the following steps: calculating equivalent concentration of a corrosive medium in a corrosive solution, preparing the corrosive solution and carrying out a laboratory accelerated simulation test, wherein calculation of the equivalent concentration of the corrosive medium in the corrosive solution specifically includes the following steps: (a) calculating solubility of local atmospheric pollutants SO2 and NO2 in water; (b) calculating theconcentration of H2SO4 and HNO3 in the solubility equilibrium state of the SO2 and the NO2 at the same equivalent of H+ concentration; (c) treating the concentration of NaCl as the mass concentrationof NaCl in seawater and weighing the concentration of the H2SO4 and the HNO3 in equal proportion. The method has the advantages of being capable of not only accurately simulating the corrosion characteristics of the aluminum alloy in the coastal ventilation room, but also completely meeting the two principles of the same corrosion damage mode and the consistent corrosion damage mechanism, and better reproducing the basic characteristics of the atmospheric corrosion.

The invention discloses a high-rate lead-acid storage battery built-in electrolyte formula. On the basis of taking a conventional electrolyte, 0.9-1.6% by mass of sulfate substances are added. The invention also discloses a matched liquid injection process, which is carried out according to the following steps of: adding the sulfate substances into the taken conventional electrolyte, and mixing for at least 5 minutes under the condition of 100-300 r/min. Taking out the mixed electrolyte and carrying out cooling treatment at the temperature of 0-10 DEG C; and finally, carrying out vacuum liquidinjection under the condition of vacuum degree of -40-60 kpa. The added sulfate plays a role in inhibiting the growth speed of large lead sulfate particles. Heat generated by chemical combination canbe counteracted by injecting the low-temperature electrolyte, the purpose of controlling dissolving balance of the lead sulfate in the electrolyte is achieved, the solubility of the lead sulfate is effectively reduced, and as a result, generation of large particles of the lead sulfate is reduced. The two measures can ensure that the matched lead-acid storage battery does not generate the dendritic crystal short circuit problem in the use period.

The invention discloses a plant conservation device with a fully-automatic spray irrigation function and belongs to the technical field of plant conservation. The device comprises a cuboid water tank;a water inlet is formed in the top of the side wall of the water tank; the water inlet is connected with a water inlet pipe; a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the water tank and is connectedwith a water outlet pipe; the bottom of the water outlet pipe is connected with a rotary spray head; the middle of the side wall provided with the water inlet is connected with a sand plate; and the sand plate extends to the top of the inner wall of the water tank and is a filter plate in which sand is wrapped. The device disclosed by the invention is capable of realizing automatic spray irrigation in horizontal and vertical directions, realizing water quality purification, maintaining the solubility equilibrium state of a carbon dioxide-water system and promoting the growth of plants and highin working reliability.

The invention discloses a non-catalytic acetylation reaction in supercritical CO2 and an online detection method thereof. According to the method, dissolving aniline or aminophenol or methylaniline ormethoxyaniline in the supercritical CO2 to reach solubility equilibrium, then adding an acetic anhydride acetonitrile solution according to a molar ratio of aniline or aminophenol or methylaniline ormethoxyaniline to acetic anhydride of 1.1-1.5 to initiate an acetylation reaction; in the supercritical CO2 acetylation reaction process, the reaction kettle and the supercritical CO2 chromatographyare connected through the outer circulation loop, online sampling analysis and detection of the acetylation reaction are achieved, and the acetylation reaction process is monitored. The invention develops a green and efficient acetylation reaction and a method for quickly and accurately monitoring the reaction process, and solves the technical problems that the existing acetylation reaction technology needs a catalyst, the accuracy of an online tracking detection result is poor, the reproducibility is poor and the like.

The invention provides a method for conducting sulfur-containing flue gas desulfurization by means of alkaline waste, and belongs to the technical field of waste treatment. By introducing Fe<3+>-containing waste acid, Fe<3+> serves as a regulator to participate in a desulfurization reaction so as to make the effective component Fe<3+> in the alkaline waste dissolved out, the dissolution rate of iron in the alkaline waste is increased, the dissolved Fe<3+> can catalytically oxidize SO2, and SO2 in sulfur-containing flue gas is converted into sulfuric acid, so that desulfurization is completed;in addition, solubility equilibrium of sulfur dioxide in the sulfur-containing flue gas is broken, the pH value continues to be lowered in the desulfurization process, dissolution of an iron compoundin the alkaline waste is promoted, and then Fe<3+> is dissolved out, so that the desulfurization reaction continues to be conducted.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a nanometer Ni2O3/PG catalyst with a coordination homogenizing precipitation method. NH3.H2O is added into a Ni(NO3)2.6H2O solution to prepare a nickel ammonia coordination compound solution, the nickel ammonia coordination compound solution and attapulgite clay are mixed, a surface active agent is added dropwise, constant temperature heating and electromagnetic stirring are carried out, water is added to change sediment balance and dissolving balance, and therefore the Ni(OH)2 is precipitated, evenly separated and loaded on the surface of the attapulgite clay; finally, suction filtration, drying and calcining are sequentially carried out to prepare the nanometer Ni2O3/PG catalyst. According to the preparing method, sources of the raw materials are abundant, the cost is low, the prepared reforming catalyst has the higher activity and the higher stability, the preparing process is simple, and the nanometer Ni2O3/PG catalyst is suitable for industrial production.

The invention discloses an amorphous telmisartan-pimelic acid eutectic crystal and a preparation method and application thereof. The amorphous telmisartan-pimelic acid eutectic crystal and the preparation method and application thereof have the advantages that the amorphous telmisartan-pimelic acid eutectic crystal is prepared through a solid-state grinding method for the first time, the amorphous telmisartan-pimelic acid eutectic crystal is better in dissolution performance (solubility and dissolving speed) as compared with telmisartan, dissolution equilibrium can be achieved in an extremely short time (10 minutes) in a pH 2.0 phosphate buffer solution, the equilibrium solubility of the amorphous telmisartan-pimelic acid eutectic crystal is increased by above 7 times as compared with that of telmisartan, dissolution equilibrium can be achieved in an extremely short time (10 minutes) in a pH 7.5 phosphate buffer solution, the equilibrium solubility of the amorphous telmisartan-pimelic acid eutectic crystal is increased by above 1 time as compared with that of telmisartan, the high equilibrium solubility can be kept without 1 hour, great benefits are provided for the fast dissolution of the telmisartan and the increasing of the dissolution speed of the telmisartan, and medicine biological utilization efficiency is increased favorably.