The invention belongs to the technical field of
underwater acoustic communication, and relates to an
underwater acoustic OFDM (
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) downlink communication multiple
access method based on polarization code
superposition coding. The method comprises the following steps: determining an optimal
signal-to-
noise ratio according to a required
code rate, and calculating a Bhattacharyya parameter logarithm value of each sub-channel under the optimal
signal-to-
noise ratio; performing ascending sorting on the sub-channels according to the Bhattacharyya parameter logarithm value, and selecting an information bit position distribution set; dividing the sub-channels in the set into a plurality of subsets according to a recording sequence, and respectively distributing the subsets to different users; carrying out
interleaving scrambling,
constellation mapping and OFDM modulation on code words coded by a user to obtain
time domain signals of the code words; superposing the
time domain signals of the two users to obtain a sending
signal of the main node; and decoding the received signal at a receiving end. According to the method provided by the invention, the fairness of the
communication quality of a plurality of users is realized, the
bit error rate is reduced, and under the condition that the signal-to-
noise ratio difference is large enough, fair
resource allocation is realized among the plurality of users, and the
data transmission efficiency is improved.