The invention discloses a grid service-based remote sensing image extraction and sharing system and a grid service-based remote sensing image extraction and sharing method. The system comprises a client system, a platform application server, a department application server, a metadata server, a remote sensing image data server, a metadata proxy service module, a grid service management module, a metadata extraction service module, a metadata management service module, a metadata archiving service module and a metadata query service module. The method comprises the following steps of: extracting metadata of a remote sensing image according to the type of the remote sensing image; specifying a remote sensing image catalog for batch processing by a user, batch-processing archived remote sensing image data, and extracting and storing image metadata; and transmitting a metadata query request to the metadata proxy service module by the client system, summarizing and returning an image metadata set which meets each metadata query condition. Through the system and the method, various types of remote sensing image data of the department can be managed, searched and shared.